Install ROS Noetic on WSL2

Install ROS Noetic using WSL

1. Update Windows 10

A recent version of Windows 10 needs to be installed for ROS to work. To check which version is installed go to

Settings -> System -> About.

Check the version and Update Windows 10 (Version 20H2 or later is recommended for optimal performance).

2. Install WSL

Install WSL on your system via MicrosoftStore or via this (follow Step 4 - Download the Linux kernel update package).

Now, open Turn Windows features on or off

Make sure that Windows Subsystem for Linux is checked. If not, then do it manually.

3. Set WSL 2 as your default version

This is important for you to install ROS via WSL. You need an updated WSL.

Open PowerShell and paste the following command:

wsl --set-default-version 2

Now, paste the following command:

wsl -l -v

There are two possibilities of the outcome of output. If the output after wsl -l -v is:

 NAME            STATE           VERSION
* Ubuntu-20.04    Stopped         2

Then, congratulations. It was a successful step. But if the output is something like:

 NAME            STATE           VERSION
* Ubuntu-20.04    Stopped         1

Then you have not updated accurately as the version is still 1. You should then download WSL via this link.

4. Installing ROS on WSL

Have you tried installing ROS on WSL 1? If yes, then, you might have to purge those files and reinstall ROS on WSL 2. But if you did not, then, let's continue ahead.

For Ubuntu 20.04, you might have to install ROS Noetic. I simply followed the guide here by Jan Bernlöhr.

Let us follow few steps:

Paste the following commands in WSL 2:

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
curl -sSL 'http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xC1CF6E31E6BADE8868B172B4F42ED6FBAB17C654' | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y ros-noetic-desktop python3-rosdep
sudo rosdep init
rosdep update

Warning: If you encountered any error, just simply close the current WSL and open a new one. Then paste these commands one by one at a time.

To source ROS Noetic automatically forever bash session, paste the following commands in WSL.

echo "source /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

To check if the above step was successful, open .bashrc file with nano command. Paste this command nano ~/.bashrc. This command will open the file inside WSL. Go at the bottom. If you find source /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash there.

Congratulations! These steps were successful.

If not, then, type it manually there and save it ctrl+x -> y -> Enter.

5. Testing Installation of ROS

Open three new WSL bash prompts.

In the first WSL bash, run the following commands:

cd
roscore

In the second WSL bash, here, we will create a new python file with the name publish.py with "touch" and edit it using the nano command. Paste the following commands:

touch publish.py
nano publish.py

When the file opens in editor mode, paste the following Python Code:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import rospy
from std_msgs.msg import String
   
pub = rospy.Publisher('chatter', String, queue_size=10)
rospy.init_node('talker', anonymous=True)
rate = rospy.Rate(10) # 10hz
while not rospy.is_shutdown():
   hello_str = "hello world %s" % rospy.get_time()
   rospy.loginfo(hello_str)
   pub.publish(hello_str)
   rate.sleep()

Save the file ctrl+x -> y -> Enter. Now, run the file using python3 publish.py. If it ran successfully, then congratulations!

In the third WSL bash, we will create another python file with the name subscribe.py with touch and edit it using the nano command. Paste the following commands:

touch subscribe.py
nano subscribe.py

When the file opens in editor mode, paste the following Python Code:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import rospy
from std_msgs.msg import String

def callback(data):
    rospy.loginfo(rospy.get_caller_id() + "I heard %s", data.data)

def listener():
    rospy.init_node('listener', anonymous=True)
    rospy.Subscriber("chatter", String, callback)
    # spin() simply keeps python from exiting until this node is stopped
    rospy.spin()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    listener()

Save the file ctrl+x -> y -> Enter. Now, run the file using python3 subscribe.py. If it ran successfully, then congratulations!

This step ensures that we have successfully installed ROS using WSL.

6. Setting up ROS for Graphical Output (GUI)

To run applications with graphical output, you need to install an X Server on Windows. To me, VcXsrv (recommended) works best.

After you have installed VcXsrv, you also need to configure WSL to use it. To do so modify you .bashrc as follows:

export DISPLAY=$(awk '/nameserver / {print $2; exit}' /etc/resolv.conf 2>/dev/null):0
source ~/.bashrc

You can simply add export DISPLAY=$(awk '/nameserver / {print $2; exit}' /etc/resolv.conf 2>/dev/null):0 inside .bashrc file (as mentioned in step-4).

Finally, launch VcXsrv from the start menu. You need to change the following two settings:

Native OpenGL needs to be unchecked. Otherwise, applications such as rviz do not run as expected.
Disable access control needs to be checked. Otherwise, applications within WSL cannot access the x server.
When prompted by the Windows Firewall make sure that you enable access for both private and public networks - unless you are 100% sure that you only want to use the x server when connected to private networks.

Note: These settings might look different depending on when in the future you have downloaded VcXsrv. Warning: Everytime you re-start your PC, you need to check and un-check the options again (mentioned above). The solution for this is coming soon!

7. Running Applications with Graphical Output (GUI)

The popular turtle_sim tutorial works fine WSL as well.

Make sure you have an X Server (eg: VcXsrv) installed, configured (checked and unchecked), and running as described above👆.

Start a new bash prompt and run the following command:

cd
roslaunch turtle_tf turtle_tf_demo.launch

You can control the turtle by using the arrow keys by going back to the second prompt.

RVIZ: Start a new WSL bash and run the following command:

cd
rosrun rviz rviz -d `rospack find turtle_tf`/rviz/turtle_rviz.rviz

If everything ran successfully, then BOOM. You've finally done it!

8. Useful tools

Note: The below-mentioned reference is from QSTP_Robot-Automation-using-ROS_2021.

Git: Fundamental tool in open source software development. Used for version control and sharing of code. To install, run the following command:

sudo apt install git

Terminator: Terminal Emulator useful for having multiple terminals in a window. To install, run the following command:

sudo apt install terminator

Code Editors: A good editor can go a long way in boosting productivity. We recommend VSCode which has plugins for Python and ROS.
catkin_tools: A better alternative for catkin_make.

9. Creating Workspace

Note: For Ros Noetic and above, you will have to build the Turtlebot package from the source.

Try the following command to see, if the workspace is available or not:

cd ~/catkin_ws/src

If you have not yet set up your catkin workspace, you can do that by:

cd
mkdir -p catkin_ws/src

Here clone the following repositories using 'Git'.

git clone https://github.com/ROBOTIS-GIT/turtlebot3_msgs.git
git clone https://github.com/ROBOTIS-GIT/turtlebot3.git
git clone https://github.com/ROBOTIS-GIT/turtlebot3_simulations.git

10. Building Workspace

Paste the following command:

cd ..
catkin_make

Now, Add the following commands in .bashrc manually or using echo command (as mentioned in step-4):

export TURTLEBOT3_MODEL=burger
source ~/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash
export SVGA_VGPU10=0

Test your Turtlebot and Gazebo setup by launching a sample launch file using the following command:

roslaunch turtlebot3_gazebo turtlebot3_empty_world.launch

If you see the Turtlebot in the gazebo environment, then my friend, the installation was successful! Take a break and enjoy a cup of coffee.

You can give a quick read to the blog I've written on the same on Medium.

License

MIT

Note: Feel free to create an issue or pull request if you want to correct or add anything useful to this repository.