GraphQL Client is a Ruby library for declaring, composing and executing GraphQL queries.
Usage
Installation
Add graphql-client
to your Gemfile and then run bundle install
.
# Gemfile
gem 'graphql-client'
Configuration
Sample configuration for a GraphQL Client to query from the SWAPI GraphQL Wrapper.
require "graphql/client"
require "graphql/client/http"
# Star Wars API example wrapper
module SWAPI
# Configure GraphQL endpoint using the basic HTTP network adapter.
HTTP = GraphQL::Client::HTTP.new("https://example.com/graphql") do
def headers(context)
# Optionally set any HTTP headers
{ "User-Agent": "My Client" }
end
end
# Fetch latest schema on init, this will make a network request
Schema = GraphQL::Client.load_schema(HTTP)
# However, it's smart to dump this to a JSON file and load from disk
#
# Run it from a script or rake task
# GraphQL::Client.dump_schema(SWAPI::HTTP, "path/to/schema.json")
#
# Schema = GraphQL::Client.load_schema("path/to/schema.json")
Client = GraphQL::Client.new(schema: Schema, execute: HTTP)
end
Defining Queries
If you haven't already, familiarize yourself with the GraphQL query syntax. Queries are declared with the same syntax inside of a <<-'GRAPHQL'
heredoc. There isn't any special query builder Ruby DSL.
This client library encourages all GraphQL queries to be declared statically and assigned to a Ruby constant.
HeroNameQuery = SWAPI::Client.parse <<-'GRAPHQL'
query {
hero {
name
}
}
GRAPHQL
Queries can reference variables that are passed in at query execution time.
HeroFromEpisodeQuery = SWAPI::Client.parse <<-'GRAPHQL'
query($episode: Episode) {
hero(episode: $episode) {
name
}
}
GRAPHQL
Fragments are declared similarly.
HumanFragment = SWAPI::Client.parse <<-'GRAPHQL'
fragment on Human {
name
homePlanet
}
GRAPHQL
To include a fragment in a query, reference the fragment by constant.
HeroNameQuery = SWAPI::Client.parse <<-'GRAPHQL'
{
luke: human(id: "1000") {
...HumanFragment
}
leia: human(id: "1003") {
...HumanFragment
}
}
GRAPHQL
This works for namespaced constants.
module Hero
Query = SWAPI::Client.parse <<-'GRAPHQL'
{
luke: human(id: "1000") {
...Human::Fragment
}
leia: human(id: "1003") {
...Human::Fragment
}
}
GRAPHQL
end
::
is invalid in regular GraphQL syntax, but #parse
makes an initial pass on the query string and resolves all the fragment spreads with constantize
.
Executing queries
Pass the reference of a parsed query definition to GraphQL::Client#query
. Data is returned back in a wrapped GraphQL::Client::Schema::ObjectType
struct that provides Ruby-ish accessors.
result = SWAPI::Client.query(Hero::Query)
# The raw data is Hash of JSON values
# result["data"]["luke"]["homePlanet"]
# The wrapped result allows to you access data with Ruby methods
result.data.luke.home_planet
GraphQL::Client#query
also accepts variables and context parameters that can be leveraged by the underlying network executor.
result = SWAPI::Client.query(Hero::HeroFromEpisodeQuery, variables: {episode: "JEDI"}, context: {user_id: current_user_id})
Rails ERB integration
If you're using Ruby on Rails ERB templates, theres a ERB extension that allows static queries to be defined in the template itself.
In standard Ruby you can simply assign queries and fragments to constants and they'll be available throughout the app. However, the contents of an ERB template is compiled into a Ruby method, and methods can't assign constants. So a new ERB tag was extended to declare static sections that include a GraphQL query.
<%# app/views/humans/human.html.erb %>
<%graphql
fragment HumanFragment on Human {
name
homePlanet
}
%>
<p><%= human.name %> lives on <%= human.home_planet %>.</p>
These <%graphql
sections are simply ignored at runtime but make their definitions available through constants. The module namespacing is derived from the .erb
's path plus the definition name.
>> "views/humans/human".camelize
=> "Views::Humans::Human"
>> Views::Humans::Human::HumanFragment
=> #<GraphQL::Client::FragmentDefinition>
Examples
github/github-graphql-rails-example is an example application using this library to implement views on the GitHub GraphQL API.
Installation
Add graphql-client
to your app's Gemfile:
gem 'graphql-client'
See Also
- graphql-ruby gem which implements 80% of what this library provides.
❤️ @rmosolgo - Facebook's GraphQL homepage
- Facebook's Relay homepage