This collection is inspired by awesome-single-cell / awesome-CRISPR / single-cell-vocabulary.
List of terms related to CRISPR screening, etc.
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Forward genetics
- Screening approach in which genes involved in the phenotype of interest are identified by screening genetically perturbed cells.
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Pooled CRISPR screen
- A technique in which genetically encoded perturbations are introduced in bulk and read out with sequencing or imaging technology.
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Arrayed CRISPR screens
- A technique in which perturbations are introduced in individual reaction compartments and remain physically separated.
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High-content CRISPR screens
- Screens combining complex models, perturbations and stimuli with data-rich read-outs.
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Biological replicates
- Separately conducted repetitions of the same CRISPR screen using cells from different individuals or different passages of a cell line
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Coverage
- The average number of cells per guide RNA (gRNA) in a CRISPR screen.
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Multiplicity of infection (MOI)
- The average number of virions (and, by extension, guide RNAs (gRNAs)) delivered per cell during infection.
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Genetic interactions
- The combined effect of the simultaneous perturbation of several genes, which may deviate from the sum of the individual effects.
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Positive selection screens
- Also known as enrichment screens. Cells with the phenotype of interest are selected (enriched) in the screens; other cells are depleted.
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Negative selection screens
- Also known as dropout screens. Cells with the phenotype of interest are depleted in the screen; other cells are maintained.
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Effective dose
- The intensity of a perturbation (such as a drug or virus) that causes an effect (such as cell death) in a specified percentage of cells.
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Screening hits
- Target genes identified as being associated with the phenotype of interest in a CRISPR screen.
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scCRISPR-seq
- An umbrella term for a group of methods that combine pooled CRISPR sequencing with a single-cell sequencing read-out.
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Manifold learning
- A set of machine learning methods that seek to uncover hidden structures in the data through dimensionality reduction.
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Variants of uncertain significance
- Genetic variants for which there is insufficient genetic evidence to support or exclude a causal phenotypic effect.
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Saturation genome editing
- Introduction of many genome edits into a gene or regulatory element, with the goal of comprehensively assessing their phenotypic impact.
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Synthetic lethality
- Special case of a genetic interaction in which knockouts of two genes are individually tolerated, but their combination is lethal to cells.
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False positives
- Putative CRISPR screening hits that do not validate, which can be caused by technical biases.
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False negatives
- Potential CRISPR screening hits that would have validated but were missed, which can be caused by suboptimal screening conditions.
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Population bottlenecks
- Reductions in the genetic diversity among a pool of cells owing to external events.
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Genetic drift
- Genetic changes over time in a pool of cells, caused by random and uncontrolled events.
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Unique molecular identifiers
- Short barcodes that uniquely identify individual DNA or RNA molecules.