Arna-Maity / hello-world-git

1st repository to get started with GitHub & learn Git Commands

hello-world

1st repository to get started with GitHub. This repo contains a set of handy git commands to enable beginners to get started with Open Source Development & Version Control.

Basic Git Workflow:

0. First Time Setup ( After installing Git. )

   git config --global user.name <your-name>

   This name will be displayed against the commits you create.

   git config --global user.email <your-registered-email>

1. Intialize a new local git repository.

   git init

2. Adding/Cofiguring a remote repository to push all your changes to GitHub.

   git remote add origin <http-link-of-the-git-repo>

3. Adding/Configuring a remote upstream repository. (Useful to keep a forked repo in sync with an upstream repo).

   git remote add upstream <http-link-to-the-upstream-repo>

4. Syncing local repo with the upstream repo.

   Firstly, make sure you have already configured a remote upstream repo (using 3) before proceeding with the following steps:

   git pull upstream

   This will create a new branch in your local repo named 'upstream/master'.

   Then checkout out to your master branch.

   git checkout master

   Then merge the 'upstream/master' branch with the 'master' branch using the following command:

   git merge upstream/master

   Finally, delete the local 'upstream/master' branch after the merge using the following command:

   git branch -d upstream/master

   This will sync your local repo with the upstream, if you want to reflect the changes to your remote forked repo, simply push the changes to the remote origin repo using the following command.

   git push -u origin master

5. List all the configured remote repos.

   git remote -v

   

6. Add files from working area to staging area.

   git add { <filename> | -A }

   Using the ' -A ' option instead of specifying a file name will transfer all the unstaged changes to the staging area.

7. Commit changes from the staging area to the final commited stage.

   NOTE: No further changes/modifications allowed after the changes are commited.

   git commit -m "<a-brief-message-about-the-commit>"

8. View the status of staged and unstaged changes in your git repo.

   git status

9. View a history of the commits you've made to your repo.

   git log

10. Create a new git branch.

    git branch <branch-name>

11. Get a list of all the git branches in local repo.

    git branch

    Ex:

    git branch
    
    Lists all the local branches. 
    
    git branch -r 
    
    Lists all the branches in the Remote Repository.
    
    
    git branch -a
    
    Lists all local & remote branches.
    

12. Switch to a different git branch.

    git checkout <branch-name>

13. Fetch changes from the remote repo.

    git pull origin

Best Practices:

Go through this document for a list of best practices while using git: Best Practices

Contributions

Contributions are welcome.

This guide is under active development and i will be adding newer commands as time progresses. Presently, i have only included those commands which are the bare minimum for getting started with version control. Meanwhile, if you find some other git command which you would want to include in this guide, feel free to open a pull request will all the necessary changes.