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Semantic Web - Assignment 2

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Coinmarketcap ontology

Concept

Domain Coverage

The ontology will cover the domain of cryptocurrency market data, specifically focusing on aspects related to:

  • Cryptocurrencies and their attributes (e.g., price, market cap, volume, etc.)
  • Exchanges and market pairs
  • Wallets and their reviews
  • Users and their interactions (e.g., reviews)
  • Developers and ICOs
  • News articles related to cryptocurrencies
  • Historical data and trading volumes

Use of the Ontology

The ontology could be used for:

  • Information Retrieval: Enabling users to query and retrieve detailed information about cryptocurrencies, exchanges, market pairs, wallets, and related news.
  • Data Integration: Integrating data from various sources to provide a comprehensive view of the cryptocurrency market.
  • Semantic Search: Enabling users to perform semantic searches related to cryptocurrencies, exchanges, and other related entities.
  • Knowledge Discovery: Identifying relationships and patterns within the cryptocurrency market data.
  • Decision Support: Assisting investors and traders in making informed decisions by providing structured and semantically enriched data.

API

Integrating an ontology with CoinMarketCap's API involves fetching data from the API, transforming it into a format that aligns with the ontology, and then populating the ontology with this data. Here are some steps and issues to consider:

Requirements

  • Properties like :circulatingSupply, :totalSupply, and :maxSupply represent numerical values related to the supply of a cryptocurrency, hence have a range of xsd:float.

  • Properties like :launchDate, :newsDate, :icoStartDate, and :icoEndDate represent dates and thus have a range of xsd:date.

  • Textual properties like :reviewText and :newsTitle have a range of xsd:string.

  • The :reviewRating property, which might represent a score or rating, has a range of xsd:float.

  • 15 classes

  • 15 object properties

  • 20 datatype properties

  • 20 individuals

  • Use class constructs

    • unionOf
    • disjointWith
    • intersectionOf
    • allValuesFrom
    • oneOf

  • Use property constructs

    • transitive property
    • symmetric property
    • inverse property
    • disjoint property

  • Assert the domain and rage of AT LEAST 10 properties

Classes

The ontology defines the following 27 classes:

  1. :Blockchain
  2. :Cryotpocurrency
    1. `:Coin
    2. :Token
  3. :Developer
  4. :Exchange
  5. :FinancialEntity
    1. :Bank
    2. :CryptocurrencyExchange
      1. :VerifiedExchange
  6. :HistoricalData
  7. :ICO
  8. :Investor
  9. :Liquidity
  10. :MarketCap
  11. :MarketPair
  12. :NewsArticle
  13. :Person
  14. :PopularCryptocurrency
  15. :Review
  16. :SecureEncryption
  17. :TradingVolume
  18. :User
  19. :VerifiedEntity
    1. :VerifiedExchange
  20. :Wallet
    1. :SecureWallet

Object Properties

The ontology defines the following 23 object properties:

  1. :hasDeveloper
  2. :hasExchange
  3. :hasHistoricalData
  4. :hasLiquidity
  5. :hasMarketCap
  6. :hasRoadmap
  7. :hasToken
  8. :hasTradingVolume
  9. :hasUserReview
  10. :hasWallet
  11. :hasWebProfile
  12. :hasWebsite
  13. :hasWhitepaper
  14. :investedIn
  15. :isLinkedTo
  16. :launchedBy
  17. :launchedICO
  18. :relatedToNews
  19. :tradedInPair
  20. :tradedOnExchange
  21. :usesBlockchain
  22. :usesEncryption
  23. :writtenBy

Datatype Properties

The ontology defines the following 20 datatype properties:

  1. :allTimeHighPrice
  2. :allTimeLowPrice
  3. :circulatingSupply
  4. :currentPrice
  5. :icoEndDate
  6. :icoRaisedAmount
  7. :icoStartDate
  8. :launchDate
  9. :marketCapValue
  10. :maxSupply
  11. :name
  12. :newsDate
  13. :newsTitle
  14. :priceChange24h
  15. :priceChangePercentage24h
  16. :reviewRating
  17. :reviewText
  18. :symbol
  19. :totalSupply
  20. :volume24h

Individuals

The ontology defines the following 26 individuals:

  1. `:AES256Encryption
  2. `:BasicEncryption
  3. :Binance
  4. :Bitcoin
  5. :BitcoinMarketCap
  6. :Coinbase
  7. :Doge
  8. :DogeMarketCap
  9. :Ethereum
  10. :EthereumMarketCap
  11. :FoxToken
  12. :FoxTokenICO
  13. :FoxTokenMarketCap
  14. :Investor1
  15. :JohnDoe
  16. :Kraken
  17. :Litecoin
  18. :LitecoinMarketCap
  19. :Monero
  20. :MoneroMarketCap
  21. :Stellar
  22. :StellarICO
  23. :StellarMarketCap
  24. :StellarToken
  25. :ZCash
  26. :ZCashMarketCap

Properties with domain and range

The following properties have their domains and ranges defined:

  1. Property: :hasDeveloper
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :Developer

  2. Property: :hasExchange
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :Exchange

  3. Property: :hasHistoricalData
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :HistoricalData

  4. Property: :hasLiquidity
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :Liquidity

  5. Property: :hasMarketCap
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :MarketCap

  6. Property: :hasToken
    Domain: :ICO
    Range: :Token

  7. Property: :hasTradingVolume
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :TradingVolume

  8. Property: :hasUserReview
    Domain: :Cryptocurrency
    Range: :Review

  9. Property: :hasWallet
    Domain: :User
    Range: :Wallet

  10. Property: :investedIn
    Domain: :Investor
    Range: :ICO

Class Constructs

owl:disjointWith

This is used to specify that two classes have no instances in common.

:Exchange owl:disjointWith :Cryptocurrency .

owl:unionOf

This is used to define a class that is a union of two or more classes.

:FinancialEntity a owl:Class ;
    owl:unionOf ( :Exchange :Cryptocurrency ) .

:FinancialEntity could be defined as a class that includes individuals that are either of type :Bank or :CryptocurrencyExchange.

owl:intersectionOf

This is used to define a class that is an intersection of two or more classes.

:VerifiedExchange rdf:type owl:Class ;
                 owl:intersectionOf (:CryptocurrencyExchange :VerifiedEntity) .

:VerifiedExchange could represent entities that are both :CryptocurrencyExchange and :VerifiedEntity.

owl:oneOf

This is used to define a class by explicitly listing its instances.

:PopularCryptocurrency rdf:type owl:Class ;
                       owl:oneOf (:Bitcoin :Ethereum :Litecoin) .

:PopularCryptocurrency might be defined as a class that includes specific individuals, such as :Bitcoin, :Ethereum, and :Litecoin.

owl:allValuesFrom

(requires defining a restriction)

:SecureWallet rdf:type owl:Class ;
             rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                               owl:onProperty :usesEncryption ;
                               owl:allValuesFrom :SecureEncryption ] .

:SecureWallet might be a class of wallets, all of which use a type of :SecureEncryption for the property :usesEncryption.

Examples of this restriction

  1. Valid: A wallet is considered a :SecureWallet without having the :usesEncryption property (it does not violate the restriction)
:MyWallet rdf:type :SecureWallet .
  1. Valid: A wallet is a :SecureWallet and uses an encryption method that is a :SecureEncryption.
:MyWallet rdf:type :SecureWallet ;
          :usesEncryption :SomeSecureEncryptionMethod .

:SomeSecureEncryptionMethod rdf:type :SecureEncryption .
  1. Invalid: A wallet is a :SecureWallet but uses an encryption method that is not a :SecureEncryption
:MyWallet rdf:type :SecureWallet ;
          :usesEncryption :SomeInsecureEncryptionMethod .

:SomeInsecureEncryptionMethod rdf:type :InsecureEncryption .

Property Constructs

Transitive Property: :isPartnerOf

:ExchangeA :isPartnerOf :ExchangeB .
:ExchangeB :isPartnerOf :ExchangeC .
  • Definition: :isPartnerOf is defined as a transitive property.
  • Implication: If :ExchangeA is a partner of :ExchangeB, and :ExchangeB is a partner of :ExchangeC, then it is inferred that :ExchangeA is a partner of :ExchangeC.

Symmetric Property: `:isCompetitorOf

:CoinA :isCompetitorOf :CoinB .
  • Definition: :isCompetitorOf is defined as a symmetric property.
  • Implication: If :CoinA is a competitor of :CoinB, then it is automatically inferred that :CoinB is a competitor of :CoinA.

Inverse Property: :owns and :isOwnedBy

:InvestorA :owns :WalletA .
  • Definition: :owns and :isOwnedBy are defined as inverse properties of each other.
  • Implication: If :InvestorA owns :WalletA, then it is automatically inferred that :WalletA is owned by :InvestorA. Conversely, if we state that :WalletA :isOwnedBy :InvestorA, it is inferred that :InvestorA :owns :WalletA.

Disjoint Property: :investsIn and :divestsIn

:InvestorB :investsIn :CoinC .
  • Definition: :investsIn and :divestsIn are defined as disjoint properties.
  • Implication: If :InvestorB invests in :CoinC, it cannot be true that :InvestorB divests in :CoinC at the same time (and vice versa). The ontology will be inconsistent if both statements are true for the same individuals.

Errors

I used Protege reasoner HermiT 1.4.3.x to check for consistency in the code. This helped to isolate a number of mistakes.

One example are the Object Properties :hasWhitepaper :hasWebsite :hasRoadmap

which were each described as Datatype properties, throwing an error in the console:

ERROR 15:46:36 Attempt to transform an axiom to correct misuse of properties failed. Property replacement: {hasWhitepaper=hasWhitepaper, hasWebsite=hasWebsite, hasRoadmap=hasRoadmap}, axiom: <http://www.example.org/ontology#StellarICO> hasRoadmap <http://www.stellarico.com/roadmap.pdf>, error: class org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI cannot be cast to class

Other errors occurred during development, but I did not capture them.

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Semantic Web - Assignment 2