wix-incubator / as-typed

Ambient mapping from JSON schema to typescript

as-typed

Ambient mapping from JSON schema to typescript, without transpilation. Use JSON schemas as a first-class citizen in Typescript.

Overview

There are many tools that convert between Typescript and JSON schema. Howewever, all of them do that with a transpilation step. Ambison uses the deep inference options in typescript 3 to infer the types directly from the JSON schema.

This is not a runtime library - it contains only a single generic type, AsTyped. AsTyped can take any Json schema and AsTypeds it to a typescript type.

Example Usage

As-typed is ambient only. To use, simply use the JSON schema as a type passed to the AsTyped generic type instead of as a value. For example: AsTyped<{type: 'string'}> will resolve to the typescript type string, and AsTyped<{type: 'object' properties: {foo: {type: 'string'}}}> will resolve to {foo: string} in typescript.

Conversion Details

Every JSON schema type casts to a particular typescript type, as far as possible by language limitations. The following is a table of how JSON schema types translate to Typescript types with asTyped

Primitive types

• AsTyped<{type: 'string'}> === string
• AsTyped<{type: 'number'}> === number
• AsTyped<{type: 'boolean'}> === boolean
• AsTyped<{type: 'null'}> === null
• AsTyped<{type: 'undefined'}> === undefined

Limitations

• Patterns are not supported. There is no regex validation in typescript Typescript issue 6579

• Value validation (min, max etc) is not supported Typescript is not meant for value checking (at least currently).

Defined objects

• AsTyped<{type: 'object', properties: {foo: {type: 'number'}}> === {foo?: number}

with required properties

• AsTyped<{type: 'object', properties: {foo: {type: 'number'}, bar: {type: 'string}, required: ['foo']}> === {foo: number, bar?: string}

objects with a specific value type

AsTyped<{type: 'array', items: [{type: 'number'}, {type: 'string'}], additionalItems: {type: 'boolean'}}> === [number, string, ...boolean[]]

Recursive objects and arrays

• AsTyped<{type: 'array', items: {type: 'array', items: {type: 'string'}}}> === string[][]
• AsTyped<{type: 'object', properties: {arr: {type: 'array', items: {type: 'object', additionalProperties: {type: 'string'}}}}} === {arr: {[name: string]: string}[]}

Simple array

• AsTyped<{type: 'array', items: {type: 'string}}>===string[]`

Tuple

• AsTyped<{type: 'array', items: [{type: 'string'}, {type: 'number'}]}> === [string, number]

Limitations

Due to typescript's missing variadic features, the max number of items in a tuple needs to be hardcoded, currently to 10. Typescript issue 5453

Tuple with additional items

• AsTyped<{type: 'array', items: [{type: 'string'}, {type: 'number'}], additionalItems: {type: 'string'}}}> === [string, number, ...string[]]

Recursive reference by $id

Simple references:

• AsTyped<{definitions: {foo: {$id: 'foo', type: 'number'}}, $ref: 'foo'}> === number

Deep references:

• AsTyped<{definitions: {str1: {$id: 'str1', $ref: 'str2'}, str2: {$id: 'str2', type: 'string'}}, $ref: 'str1'}> === string

Limitations

Reference by URL ('#/definitions/foo', 'other.json/foo') are not supported. Typescript doesn't allow inference by partial strings Typescript Issue 12754

not

Not works mainly on primitive types, e.g. AsTyped<{not: {type: 'string'}}> will resolve to number | object | any[] | boolean

oneOf

• AsTyped<{oneOf: [{type: 'string'}, {type: 'number'}]}> === string | number

Currently doesn't work as expected, and resolves the same as anyOf. See Typescript issue 20863

allOf

• AsTyped<{allOf: [{type: 'object', properties: {a: {type: 'number'}}}, {type: 'object', properties: {b: {type: 'string'}}}]}> === {a?: number, b?: string}

anyOf

• AsTyped<{allOf: [{type: 'object', properties: {a: {type: 'number'}}}, {type: 'object', properties: {b: {type: 'string'}}, required: ['b']}]}> === {a?: number, b: string} | {a?: number} | {b: string}

If/Then/Else

If/Then/Else acts exactly like {oneOf: [{allOf: [If, Then]}, Else]}. It's strange to have this sugar in the schema which doesn't reduce the verbosity. Currently doesn't work as expected, for the same reasons as oneOf. Resolves to (If & Then) | Else, which is not an accurate translation. See Typescript issue 20863