twyatt / kotlinx.serialization

Kotlin multiplatform / multi-format serialization

Kotlin multiplatform / multi-format reflectionless serialization

Kotlin serialization consists of a compiler plugin, that generates visitor code for serializable classes, runtime libraries with core serialization API and JSON format, and support libraries with ProtoBuf, CBOR and properties formats.

• Supports Kotlin classes marked as @Serializable and standard collections.
• Provides JSON (as a part of the core library), Protobuf, CBOR, Hocon and Properties formats.
• Complete multiplatform support: JVM, JS and Native.

Table of contents

• Introduction and references
• Setup
  • Gradle
    • Using the plugins block
    • Using apply plugin (the old way)
    • Dependency on the runtime library
  • Android/JVM
  • Multiplatform (common, JS, Native)
  • Maven/JVM

Introduction and references

Here is a small example.

import kotlinx.serialization.*
import kotlinx.serialization.json.*

@Serializable 
data class Project(val name: String, val language: String)

fun main() {
    // Serializing objects
    val data = Project("kotlinx.serialization", "Kotlin")
    val string = Json.encodeToString(data)  
    println(string) // {"name":"kotlinx.serialization","language":"Kotlin"} 
    // Deserializing back into objects
    val obj = Json.decodeFromString<Project>(string)
    println(obj) // Project(name=kotlinx.serialization, language=Kotlin)
}

You can get the full code here.

Read the Kotlin Serialization Guide for all details.

Setup

Kotlin serialization plugin is shipped with the Kotlin compiler distribution, and the IDEA plugin is bundled into the Kotlin plugin.

Using Kotlin Serialization requires Kotlin compiler 1.4.0 or higher. Make sure you have the corresponding Kotlin plugin installed in the IDE, no additional plugins for IDE are required. Example projects on JVM are available for Gradle and Maven.

Gradle

Using the plugins block

You can set up the serialization plugin with the Kotlin plugin using Gradle plugins DSL:

Kotlin DSL:

plugins {
    kotlin("jvm") version "1.4.0" // or kotlin("multiplatform") or any other kotlin plugin
    kotlin("plugin.serialization") version "1.4.0"
}

Groovy DSL:

plugins {
    id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.multiplatform' version '1.4.0'
    id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization' version '1.4.0'
}

Kotlin versions before are not supported by the stable release of Kotlin serialization

Using apply plugin (the old way)

First, you have to add the serialization plugin to your classpath as the other compiler plugins:

Kotlin DSL:

buildscript {
    repositories { jcenter() }

    dependencies {
        val kotlinVersion = "1.4.0"
        classpath(kotlin("gradle-plugin", version = kotlinVersion))
        classpath(kotlin("serialization", version = kotlinVersion))
    }
}

Groovy DSL:

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.4.0'
    repositories { jcenter() }

    dependencies {
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-serialization:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

Then you can apply plugin (example in Groovy):

apply plugin: 'kotlin' // or 'kotlin-multiplatform' for multiplatform projects
apply plugin: 'kotlinx-serialization'

Dependency on the runtime library

After setting up the plugin one way or another, you have to add a dependency on the serialization runtime library. Note that while the plugin has version the same as the compiler one, runtime library has different coordinates, repository and versioning.

Kotlin DSL:

repositories {
    // artifacts are published to JCenter
    jcenter()
}

dependencies {
    implementation(kotlin("stdlib", KotlinCompilerVersion.VERSION)) // or "stdlib-jdk8"
    implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-core:1.0.0-RC") // JVM dependency
}

Groovy DSL:

repositories {
    jcenter()
}

dependencies {
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version" // or "kotlin-stdlib-jdk8"
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-core:1.0.0-RC" // JVM dependency
}

Android/JVM

Library should work on Android "as is". If you're using proguard, you need to add this to your proguard-rules.pro:

-keepattributes *Annotation*, InnerClasses
-dontnote kotlinx.serialization.SerializationKt
-keep,includedescriptorclasses class com.yourcompany.yourpackage.**$$serializer { *; } # <-- change package name to your app's
-keepclassmembers class com.yourcompany.yourpackage.** { # <-- change package name to your app's
    *** Companion;
}
-keepclasseswithmembers class com.yourcompany.yourpackage.** { # <-- change package name to your app's
    kotlinx.serialization.KSerializer serializer(...);
}

You may also want to keep all custom serializers you've defined.

Multiplatform (common, JS, Native)

Most of the modules are also available for Kotlin/JS and Kotlin/Native. You can add dependency to the required module right to the common source set:

commonMain {
    dependencies {
        implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-core:$serialization_version"
        implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-protobuf:$serialization_version"
    }
}

The same artifact coordinates can be used to depend on platform-specific artifact in platform-specific source-set.

Maven/JVM

Ensure the proper version of Kotlin and serialization version:

<properties>
    <kotlin.version>1.4.0</kotlin.version>
    <serialization.version>1.0.0-RC</serialization.version>
</properties>

You can also use JCenter or https://kotlin.bintray.com/kotlinx Bintray repository.

Add serialization plugin to Kotlin compiler plugin:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
            <artifactId>kotlin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${kotlin.version}</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>compile</id>
                    <phase>compile</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>compile</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
            <configuration>
                <compilerPlugins>
                    <plugin>kotlinx-serialization</plugin>
                </compilerPlugins>
            </configuration>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
                    <artifactId>kotlin-maven-serialization</artifactId>
                    <version>${kotlin.version}</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Add dependency on serialization runtime library:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlinx</groupId>
    <artifactId>kotlinx-serialization-core</artifactId>
    <version>${serialization.version}</version>
</dependency>