Non Intrusive Load Monitoring Framework
| Date: | April 2015 |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Thibaut Lavril |
| Version: | 2.0 |
Purpose
Framework to implement Non Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) based on event detection. This framework implements algorithms and methods developped by Hart in [1].
The goal of NILM is to breakdown a total consumption of an household into individual appliances consumptions (fridge, aircon, etc). To do so machine learning techniques (mainly unsupervised learning) are used.
Algorithm Overview
The algorithm is composed of different steps:
- Data Loading and Preprocessing: the meter data, e.g. powers measured by a smart meter on the different phases is load into memory and preprocessed (sampling rate, missing values, outliers).
- Detection of events: events are variations of total consumption which can be caused by the change of state of an appliance. Events can be detected by different signal processing algorithms.
- Clustering of events: events detected are clustered, e.g. we try to group together events which are likely to come from the same appliance's change of state. Unsupervised machine learning algorithms are employed there.
- Modeling of appliances: with the clusters obtained and time serie analysis, appliance models are built. An appliance model regroups clusters. Each cluster representing a change of state of the appliance. Unsupervised machine learning algorithms can also being employed there.
- Tracking of appliance's consumptions: Once appliance models built, it is possible to track the behaviour of each appliance to compute the consumption of this appliance at each time.
The total consumption is therefore breakdown into different appliances. These appliances are not labelled. The ultimate part consits of using a supervised machine learning algorithm to label each appliance after disaggregation (not implemented here).
References
[1] Hart, G. W. "Prototype nonintrusive appliance load monitor." (1985).