Code Your Future application starter kit

This repo provides a simple Express and React starter application for Code Your Future students to base their final projects on.

Setup

Choose one member of the team to own the primary project repository. Fork this repo into their account, then rename it as appopriate for your project. Other members of that team can then fork that primary repository.

Add everyone as a collaborator to the primary repository so you can review each other's pull requests. You can also protect the master branch and enable required reviews to ensure that all code is reviewed by the other members of the team.

Database

The application is set up to use PostgreSQL, which must be installed and running for local development.

If you're using Mac OS X, the easiest way is to use Homebrew:
```
brew install postgresql
brew services start postgresql
```

Once you have Postgres running as a service, create the database that the application expects:

psql -c "CREATE DATABASE cyf"

Like SQLite, PostgreSQL is a relational database, so most of the SQL syntax and commands you've learned will work just fine. The library used for accessing the database is node-postgres; read their docs for more information on how to execute queries.

In production, you can use the environment variable DATABASE_URL to provide the appropriate connection string (some platforms, e.g. Cloud Foundry and Heroku, can set this for you).

Development

Clone the primary repository, switch into that directory and run npm run install:all to get ready for development. If you're using VS Code, add the recommended extensions when prompted (you can see the list in .vscode/extensions.json if you need to install them manually).

This application provides the following helper functions:

npm start: Create a production build of the client React app and copy the files over to be served by the Express app, then start the Express app. Access the site on http://localhost:3000. In this mode you must manually restart the process when you make any changes, but this produces a single app that's easier to deploy into production.
npm run dev: Run the server and the client in watch mode, so that they reload as you make changes. Access the site on http://localhost:4200. The client is automatically proxied to the server (see below), which will be running on port 3000 as before.

Note that the client will auto-refresh the page when you make changes, but if you make changes to the server you'll have to reload the page yourself.
npm run db:reset: Reset the database to a known state by running the commands in db/data.sql. As you develop the application you can add other setup commands into this file.
npm run reinstall: Delete all package-lock.json files and node_modules/ directories, then install everything again. This is handy when you're having problems with your dependencies.

Styling

If you're using VS Code with the recommended extensions, some simple code style rules are applied on save using EditorConfig and Prettier. You can configure these rules in .editorconfig and package.json (under the "prettier" section) if you want to, but be sure you agree on changes as a team so you don't e.g. keep switching back and forth between single and double quoted strings! If you're using a different IDE, see if there are appropriate plugins available so you can match the team style.

Routing

The configuration of this application allows the front end to talk directly to the backend, so your request paths can be relative rather than absolute:

componentDidMount() {
  fetch('/api')  // not e.g. http://localhost:3000/api
    .then(...);
}

This makes the site simpler (you don't have to worry about e.g. CORS configuration) and easier to deploy (we can build a single Express app that serves the front end for you).

All API endpoints must be under the root path (/api, by default) to be handled correctly. Any other path will be treated as a possible front end route. You can change the root path for API calls by setting API_ROOT_PATH in server/server.js, in case the default conflicts with a page you actually want to have in your front end application.

Deployment

The application is set up for deployment using Heroku; click the button at the top of the page to start the process.

Alternatively you can deploy the application using Docker containers.

Docker

To help run the Docker build locally for testing purposes, four additional commands are provided in package.json:

npm run docker:start: Builds and starts the app container, an associated PostgreSQL database container (which uses the same data.sql file as npm run db:reset to initialise the container state) and a pgAdmin panel to help view and edit the data.
npm run docker:stop: Stops and removes the containers.
npm run docker:dev:start: Starts the app in containers as above but using the dev mode, mounting your local volumns into the separate server and client containers so that they will be reloaded as you edit them.
npm run docker:dev:stop: Removes the containers.

To connect to the admin panel in either mode visit http://localhost:5050 and log in using the default credentials (email: pgadmin4@pgadmin.org, password: admin). You can then connect the panel to the database by clicking Add New Server, proving a name (e.g. "CYF") and entering the following details on the Connection tab (leave the rest as defaults):

Host name/address: db
Username: postgres
Password: randompass

These credentials are all visible and editable in the docker-compose.yml and docker-compose.dev.yml files.

textbook / cyf-app-starter