deepspeech.pytorch
Implementation of DeepSpeech2 using Baidu Warp-CTC. Creates a network based on the DeepSpeech2 architecture, trained with the CTC activation function.
Features
- Train DeepSpeech, configurable RNN types and architectures with multi-gpu support.
- Language model support using kenlm (WIP right now, currently no instructions to build a LM yet).
- Multiple dataset downloaders, support for AN4, TED, Voxforge and Librispeech. Datasets can be merged, support for custom datasets included.
- Noise injection for online training to improve noise robustness.
- Audio augmentation to improve noise robustness.
- Easy start/stop capabilities in the event of crash or hard stop during training.
- Visdom/Tensorboard support for visualizing training graphs.
Installation
Several libraries are needed to be installed for training to work. I will assume that everything is being installed in an Anaconda installation on Ubuntu.
Install PyTorch if you haven't already.
Install this fork for Warp-CTC bindings:
git clone https://github.com/SeanNaren/warp-ctc.git
cd warp-ctc
mkdir build; cd build
cmake ..
make
export CUDA_HOME="/usr/local/cuda"
cd ../pytorch_binding
python setup.py install
Install pytorch audio:
sudo apt-get install sox libsox-dev libsox-fmt-all
git clone https://github.com/pytorch/audio.git
cd audio
pip install cffi
python setup.py install
If you want decoding to support beam search with an optional language model, install ctcdecode:
git clone --recursive https://github.com/parlance/ctcdecode.git
cd ctcdecode
pip install .
Finally clone this repo and run this within the repo:
pip install -r requirements.txt
Docker
There is no official Dockerhub image, however a Dockerfile is provided to build on your own systems.
sudo nvidia-docker build -t deepspeech2.docker .
sudo nvidia-docker run -ti -v `pwd`/data:/workspace/data -p 8888:8888 deepspeech2.docker # Opens a Jupyter notebook, mounting the /data drive in the container
If you'd prefer bash:
nvidia-docker run -ti -v `pwd`/data:/workspace/data --entrypoint=/bin/bash deepspeech2.docker # Opens a bash terminal, mounting the /data drive in the container
Usage
Dataset
Currently supports AN4, TEDLIUM, Voxforge and LibriSpeech. Scripts will setup the dataset and create manifest files used in dataloading.
AN4
To download and setup the an4 dataset run below command in the root folder of the repo:
cd data; python an4.py
TEDLIUM
You have the option to download the raw dataset file manually or through the script (which will cache it). The file is found here.
To download and setup the TEDLIUM_V2 dataset run below command in the root folder of the repo:
cd data; python ted.py # Optionally if you have downloaded the raw dataset file, pass --tar_path /path/to/TEDLIUM_release2.tar.gz
Voxforge
To download and setup the Voxforge dataset run the below command in the root folder of the repo:
cd data; python voxforge.py
Note that this dataset does not come with a validation dataset or test dataset.
LibriSpeech
To download and setup the LibriSpeech dataset run the below command in the root folder of the repo:
cd data; python librispeech.py
You have the option to download the raw dataset files manually or through the script (which will cache them as well). In order to do this you must create the following folder structure and put the corresponding tar files that you download from here.
cd data/
mkdir LibriSpeech/ # This can be anything as long as you specify the directory path as --target-dir when running the librispeech.py script
mkdir LibriSpeech/val/
mkdir LibriSpeech/test/
mkdir LibriSpeech/train/
Now put the tar.gz files in the correct folders. They will now be used in the data pre-processing for librispeech and be removed after
formatting the dataset.
Optionally you can specify the exact librispeech files you want if you don't want to add all of them. This can be done like below:
cd data/
python librispeech.py --files-to-use "train-clean-100.tar.gz, train-clean-360.tar.gz,train-other-500.tar.gz, dev-clean.tar.gz,dev-other.tar.gz, test-clean.tar.gz,test-other.tar.gz"
Custom Dataset
To create a custom dataset you must create a CSV file containing the locations of the training data. This has to be in the format of:
/path/to/audio.wav,/path/to/text.txt
/path/to/audio2.wav,/path/to/text2.txt
...
The first path is to the audio file, and the second path is to a text file containing the transcript on one line. This can then be used as stated below.
Merging multiple manifest files
To create bigger manifest files (to train/test on multiple datasets at once) we can merge manifest files together like below from a directory containing all the manifests you want to merge. You can also prune short and long clips out of the new manifest.
cd data/
python merge_manifests.py --output-path merged_manifest.csv --merge-dir all-manifests/ --min-duration 1 --max-duration 15 # durations in seconds
Training
python train.py --train-manifest data/train_manifest.csv --val-manifest data/val_manifest.csv
Use python train.py --help for more parameters and options.
There is also Visdom support to visualize training. Once a server has been started, to use:
python train.py --visdom
There is also Tensorboard support to visualize training. Follow the instructions to set up. To use:
python train.py --tensorboard --logdir log_dir/ # Make sure the Tensorboard instance is made pointing to this log directory
For both visualisation tools, you can add your own name to the run by changing the --id parameter when training.
Multi-GPU Training
We support multi-GPU training via the distributed parallel wrapper (see here and here to see why we don't use DataParallel).
To use multi-GPU:
python -m multiproc train.py --visdom --cuda # Add your parameters as normal, multiproc will scale to all GPUs automatically
multiproc will open a log for all processes other than the main process.
We suggest using the gloo backend which defaults to TCP if Infiniband isn't available. Using NCCL2 is also possible as a backend. More information here.
You can also specify specific GPU IDs rather than allowing the script to use all available GPUs:
python -m multiproc train.py --visdom --cuda --device-ids 0,1,2,3 # Add your parameters as normal, will only run on 4 GPUs
Noise Augmentation/Injection
There is support for two different types of noise; noise augmentation and noise injection.
Noise Augmentation
Applies small changes to the tempo and gain when loading audio to increase robustness. To use, use the --augment flag when training.
Noise Injection
Dynamically adds noise into the training data to increase robustness. To use, first fill a directory up with all the noise files you want to sample from. The dataloader will randomly pick samples from this directory.
To enable noise injection, use the --noise-dir /path/to/noise/dir/ to specify where your noise files are. There are a few noise parameters to tweak, such as
--noise_prob to determine the probability that noise is added, and the --noise-min, --noise-max parameters to determine the minimum and maximum noise to add in training.
Included is a script to inject noise into an audio file to hear what different noise levels/files would sound like. Useful for curating the noise dataset.
python noise_inject.py --input-path /path/to/input.wav --noise-path /path/to/noise.wav --output-path /path/to/input_injected.wav --noise-level 0.5 # higher levels means more noise
Checkpoints
Training supports saving checkpoints of the model to continue training from should an error occur or early termination. To enable epoch checkpoints use:
python train.py --checkpoint
To enable checkpoints every N batches through the epoch as well as epoch saving:
python train.py --checkpoint --checkpoint-per-batch N # N is the number of batches to wait till saving a checkpoint at this batch.
Note for the batch checkpointing system to work, you cannot change the batch size when loading a checkpointed model from it's original training run.
To continue from a checkpointed model that has been saved:
python train.py --continue-from models/deepspeech_checkpoint_epoch_N_iter_N.pth
This continues from the same training state as well as recreates the visdom graph to continue from if enabled.
If you would like to start from a previous checkpoint model but not continue training, add the --finetune flag to restart training
from the --continue-from weights.
Choosing batch sizes
Included is a script that can be used to benchmark whether training can occur on your hardware, and the limits on the size of the model/batch sizes you can use. To use:
python benchmark.py --batch-size 32
Use the flag --help to see other parameters that can be used with the script.
Model details
Saved models contain the metadata of their training process. To see the metadata run the below command:
python model.py --model-path models/deepspeech.pth
To also note, there is no final softmax layer on the model as when trained, warp-ctc does this softmax internally. This will have to also be implemented in complex decoders if anything is built on top of the model, so take this into consideration!
Testing/Inference
To evaluate a trained model on a test set (has to be in the same format as the training set):
python test.py --model-path models/deepspeech.pth --test-manifest /path/to/test_manifest.csv --cuda
An example script to output a transcription has been provided:
python transcribe.py --model-path models/deepspeech.pth --audio-path /path/to/audio.wav
Server
Included is a basic server script that will allow post request to be sent to the server to transcribe files.
python server.py --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000 # Run on one window
curl -X POST http://0.0.0.0:8000/transcribe -H "Content-type: multipart/form-data" -F "file=@/path/to/input.wav"
Alternate Decoders
By default, test.py and transcribe.py use a GreedyDecoder which picks the highest-likelihood output label at each timestep. Repeated and blank symbols are then filtered to give the final output.
A beam search decoder can optionally be used with the installation of the ctcdecode library as described in the Installation section. The test and transcribe scripts have a --decoder argument. To use the beam decoder, add --decoder beam. The beam decoder enables additional decoding parameters:
- beam_width how many beams to consider at each timestep
- lm_path optional binary KenLM language model to use for decoding
- alpha weight for language model
- beta bonus weight for words
Time offsets
Use the --offsets flag to get positional information of each character in the transcription when using transcribe.py script. The offsets are based on the size
of the output tensor, which you need to convert into a format required.
For example, based on default parameters you could multiply the offsets by a scalar (duration of file in seconds / size of output) to get the offsets in seconds.
Pre-trained models
Pre-trained models can be found under releases here.