sirdnt / django-practice

Playing with Django framework

Django-practice

Playing with Django framework

Django Basic

---

Installation

* Create project by pycharm

Open pycharm > new project (using venv) > Open terminal > Install django

pip install django

Check version:

django-admin version

Activate / Deactivate venv

venv\Scripts\activate  #on window
source venv/bin/activate # on linux

deactivate()

*Create project by terminal (TODO)

*Setup existing project with venv

1: clone project
2: create venv

• by pycharm: Setting > Project xxx > Python Interpreter > create new
• by terminal (todo)
  More info click here

Create a django project

django-admin startproject mysite

Run it:

python manage.py runserver

* Create an app inside project

For example create a polls app (it like a module inside project)

python manage.py startapp polls

Include app into project -> mysite/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
	... othe config

	'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
]

Create views

For example create index view in the polls app
In file polls/views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse


def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")

Create router for view (urls)

create file polls/urls.py

from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
]

To point the root URLconf at the polls.urls module. In {mysite}/urls.py, add an import for django.urls.include and insert an include() in the urlpatterns list

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

• The include() function allows referencing other URLconfs from other module or app, this should always use Now visit the view in url http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls

Create model

Note:

• Each model is represented by a class that subclasses django.db.models.Model

For example in polls/models.py

from django.db import models


class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')


class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

Make migrations for apply new models

python manage.py makemigrations polls

Then output :

Migrations for 'polls':
  polls\migrations\0001_initial.py
    - Create model Question
    - Create model Choice

Run migration get from output

python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001

Connect with db -> docs

For example connect with PostgreSQL -> in settings.py
Change the default db from sqlite

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}

To postgres

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'USER': 'mydatabaseuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}

then apply migrate

python manage.py migrate

Make models visible in admin

-> polls/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from .models import Question, Choice

admin.site.register(Question)
admin.site.register(Choice)

Need to create admin supper user to visit: http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ to see polls models

Templates

• Create a folder to save template
  For example create for polls app: {BASE_URL}/polls/templates/polls (Note that the name polls in templates folder is the name of the app)
• Create file html inside that folder: {BASE_URL}/polls/templates/polls/index.html
• To render this file for url /polls -> polls/views.py

def index(request):
    return render(request, "polls/index.html")

• To render with context

def index(request):
    context = {"name": "There"}
    return render(request, "polls/index.html", context)

Binding in html by

<p> Hi {{name}}! </p>

Binding an array

def index(request):
    context = {"item": ["Movie", "Music", "Karaoke"]}
    return render(request, "polls/index.html", context)

...
<ul>
    {% for item in items %}
    <li> {{item}} </li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>

• Condition

...
{% if <Condition> %}
     //render something
{% endif %}
...

Admin

*Create admin account

python manage.py createsuperuser

API

Api using django-rest-framework

Installation

1. install

pip install djangorestframework
pip install markdown       # Markdown support for the browsable API.
pip install django-filter  # Filtering support

2. register in the installed app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
]

3. to use the browsable API

urlpatterns = [
    ...
    url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls'))
]