First and Second Layers: Arrays 101, Linked List, Array and String, Hash Table, Recursion, Queue & Stack, Heap, and Binary Search
Second and Third Layers: Recursion, Binary Tree, Binary Search Tree, Trie, N-ary Tree, and Recursion II
Third and Fourth Layers: Recursion II, Dynamic Programming, and Graph
Data Structures
+-------+ +-------------+ +------------+ +---------------+ +------+ | Array | -----------------> | Linked List | -----------> | Hash Table | ---------> | Queue & Stack | ---> | Tree | ---> keep going +-------+ +-------------+ +------------+ +---------------+ +------+ | | | | | ├- Two-Pointer Techniques ├- Two-Pointer Techniques ├- Hash Functions ├- Circular Queue └- Binary Search Tree └- In-place Algorithms └- Cycle Detection └- Avoiding Collisions ├- Monotonic Stack └- Explicit Stack
Algorithms
+---------+ +-----------+ +-----------+ | Sorting | ------> | Searching | -----------> | Recursion | ---> keep going +---------+ +-----------+ +-----------+ | | | ├- Counting Sort ├- Binary Search ├- Memoization ├- Merge Sort ├- Breadth-First Search ├- Tail Recursion └- Bucket Sort └- Depth-First Search ├- Divide and Conquer ├- Backtracking └- Dynamic Programming