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MicroPython-esp32

Create a custom MicroPython firmware that is Bitcoin-enabled (secp256k1 compiled in, embit onboard) that initially targets the esp32-S2.

Choose:

  • Begin testing things out immediately by downloading the pre-compiled firmware for the esp32-S2 Saola-1R dev board.
  • OR compile the firmware yourself following the steps below.

For now we assume you're working with the Saola-1R build described here:

Building the firmware

Clone this repo and its dependencies

git clone https://github.com/kdmukai/micropython-esp32.git
cd micropython-esp32

# clone our various submodule dependencies
git submodule update --init

# And within lv_micropython, recursively clone the esixtyone fork of lv_bindings
cd deps/lv_micropython
git checkout fix/esp32s2-build
git submodule update --init --recursive lib/lv_bindings

# Recursively clone secp256k1
cd ../../
git submodule update --init --recursive deps/usermods/secp256k1-embedded

# embit needs some parts trimmed out of it
rm -rf deps/embit/src/embit/liquid
rm -rf deps/embit/src/embit/util

Create a python3 virtualenv and install dependencies

pip install virtualenv
virtualenv .env
source .env/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

Build and run the Docker container

docker-compose build
docker-compose up

Run the container_bash.sh script to get a shell prompt inside the container (you may need to edit the container's name in the script).

Continue configuration within the container

# Compile the micropython cross compiler
make -C /code/deps/lv_micropython/mpy-cross

cd /code/deps/lv_micropython/ports/esp32
make submodules

# soft link embit inside lv_micropython
ln -s /code/deps/embit/src/embit /code/deps/lv_micropython/ports/esp32/modules/embit

Configure board target for LVGL compatibility

Note: The Saola-1R and any "GENERIC_S2" board can skip this step since their sdkconfigs have already been updated for LVGL compatibility.

Edit the definition of your S2 board in lv_micropython/ports/esp32/boards by updating its sdkconfig.board:

CONFIG_ETH_ENABLED=n
CONFIG_ETH_USE_SPI_ETHERNET=n

Compile the firmware for the target board

Now we can compile the custom firmware:

# Targeting the SAOLA_1R board
# Note: we build to a dir inside the container (instead of the shared /code dir) because otherwise
#   the compiler runs significantly slower.
make LV_CFLAGS="-DLV_COLOR_DEPTH=16 -DLV_COLOR_16_SWAP=1" BOARD=SAOLA_1R BUILD=/root/build-saola_1r USER_C_MODULES=/code/deps/usermods/micropython.cmake
mkdir -p /code/build/saola_1r
cp /root/build-saola_1r/bootloader/bootloader.bin /code/build/saola_1r/.
cp /root/build-saola_1r/partition_table/partition-table.bin /code/build/saola_1r/.
cp /root/build-saola_1r/micropython.bin /code/build/saola_1r/.

Write the firmware to the board

see: https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp32/tutorial/intro.html#esp32-intro

With Python 3.x on your local machine:

pip install esptool

Put the board into bootloader update mode:

  • Press and hold BOOT
  • Click RST and release
  • Release BOOT

The board's port name should be something like /dev/tty.usbserial-1110. Confirm with:

ls /dev

Write the new firmware; the write_flash command is copied from the idf.py guidance above when compilation is completed.

Saola-1R (S2 dev kit)

esptool.py -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 erase_flash
esptool.py -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 -b 460800 --before default_reset --chip esp32s2  write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_size detect --flash_freq 80m 0x1000 bootloader.bin 0x8000 partition-table.bin 0x10000 micropython.bin

Once it's complete, power cycle or press RST to reset the board to normal operations. It will/may remount itself with a different name.

Interact with the board

ampy

Install the ampy tool:

pip install adafruit-ampy
# List the files on the board
ampy -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 ls

# Transfer a file
ampy -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 put demos/fonts/opensans_regular_17.bin
ampy -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 put demos/fonts/opensans_semibold_20.bin

# Transfer a whole directory
ampy -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 put embit

# Run an arbitrary local python file on the ESP32 (not recommended; use mpremote -- see below)
ampy -p /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 run test.py

mpremote

Offers similar features to ampy but also provides an interactive REPL option. Runs local scripts more reliably.

pip install mpremote
# Run a local file on the device
mpremote connect /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 run demos/secp256k1_test.py

# Enter the interactive REPL
mpremote connect /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 repl

# List files on the device
mpremote connect /dev/tty.usbserial-1110 ls

Misc ESP32 notes

Expand app partition when necessary

If your compilation fails with something like:

Error: app partition is too small for binary micropython.bin size 0x1f28d0:
  - Part 'factory' 0/0 @ 0x10000 size 0x1f0000 (overflow 0x28d0)

You'll need to alter the partition sizes for your target board. Here's a baseline partition table:

# Notes: the offset of the partition table itself is set in
# $IDF_PATH/components/partition_table/Kconfig.projbuild.
# Name,   Type, SubType, Offset,  Size, Flags
nvs,      data, nvs,     0x9000,  0x6000,
phy_init, data, phy,     0xf000,  0x1000,
factory,  app,  factory, 0x10000, 0x1F0000,
vfs,      data, fat,     0x200000, 0xE00000,

We can create more room for the factory partition that contains the app:

  • Expand the factory partition from 0x1F0000 to 0x2F0000.
  • Shift the next partition's offset (4th col) by the same amount: change 0x200000 to 0x300000.
  • Reduce the size (5th col) of the vfs partition by the same amount: change 0xE00000 to 0xD00000.
factory,  app,  factory, 0x10000, 0x2F0000,
vfs,      data, fat,     0x300000, 0xD00000,

Then configure the board to use your new partitions:

CONFIG_PARTITION_TABLE_CUSTOM_FILENAME="partitions-16MiB-my_version.csv"

Raspi RP2040

(Have not seriously pursued RP2040 support; notes here are to return to later)

In the Docker container:

cd /root/micropython/ports/rp2
make -j6 submodules

# Compile the custom firmware for RP2040
idf.py -D MICROPY_BOARD=PICO -B build-pico -DUSER_C_MODULES=/code/deps/usermods/micropython.cmake build

# Copy the completed firmware to shared volume
cp build-pico/firmware.uf2 /code/pico/.

Hold down the BOOTSEL button while restarting the Pico. It will mount itself as USB drive RPI-RP2.

Drag the .u2f file to the RPI-RP2 disk. It will copy and then remount itself.

On your local machine:

ampy -p /dev/tty.usbmodem01 run test.py

Generic Linux

(Have not seriously pursued Linux support; notes here are to return to later)

Follow the instructions for the Unix (Linux) port.

make -C ports/unix USER_C_MODULES=/code/deps/usermods/micropython.cmake

Random MicroPython notes

Get the platform:

>>> import usys
>>> usys.platform
'esp32'

Get full firmware details:

>>> import os
>>> os.uname()
(sysname='esp32', nodename='esp32', release='1.18.0', version='v1.18-4-g5c8f5b4ce-dirty on 2022-07-05', machine='FeatherS2 with ESP32-S2')

Generate custom font

see: https://github.com/lvgl/lv_font_conv

# bin format for dynamic includes
lv_font_conv --font OpenSans-Semibold.ttf -r 0x00-0xFF --size 20 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o opensans_semibold_20.bin 

# lvgl format to compile directly into firmware
lv_font_conv --font OpenSans-Regular.ttf -r 0x20-0x7F --size 17 --format lvgl --bpp 3 -o opensans_regular_17.c  --force-fast-kern-format

Convert FontAwesome glyphs

# Extract the list of chars in decimal:
import inspect
from seedsigner.gui.components import FontAwesomeIconConstants
char_list = []
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(FontAwesomeIconConstants):
    if key.startswith("_"):
        continue
    char_list.append(ord(value))
",".join([str(c) for c in char_list])

# Also add the space char (32).
lv_font_conv --font Font_Awesome_6_Free-Solid-900.otf -r 32,61703,61700,61701,61702,61488,61655,61657,61658,61656,61713,61752,62754,62755,62756,62757,62758,62759,62760,61459,61572,61724,61475,62073,61912,62212,43,61457,61481,62201,63449,61528,61640,61776,61841,61778,61777,61770,61553,61596,88  --size 22 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o fontawesome_22.bin

lv_font_conv --font Font_Awesome_6_Free-Solid-900.otf -r 32,61703,61700,61701,61702,61488,61655,61657,61658,61656,61713,61752,62754,62755,62756,62757,62758,62759,62760,61459,61572,61724,61475,62073,61912,62212,43,61457,61481,62201,63449,61528,61640,61776,61841,61778,61777,61770,61553,61596,88  --size 24 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o fontawesome_24.bin

lv_font_conv --font seedsigner-glyphs.otf -r 32,0xe900-0xe90d  --size 24 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o seedsigner_glyphs_24.bin

lv_font_conv --font seedsigner-glyphs.otf -r 32,0xe900-0xe90d  --size 22 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o seedsigner_glyphs_22.bin

lv_font_conv --font seedsigner-glyphs.otf -r 0xe90d  --size 100 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o bitcoin_logo_100.bin

lv_font_conv --font seedsigner-glyphs.otf -r 0xe90d  --size 150 --format bin --bpp 4 --no-compress -o bitcoin_logo_150.bin

python3 ~/lv_micropython/lib/lv_bindings/lvgl/scripts/built_in_font/built_in_font_gen.py

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