renjithpn / basic-git-commands

Most Commonly Used Git Commands: Learning git commands

Summary of commands

git init
git config --global user.name "Renjith Narayanan"
git config --global user.email [e-mail]
git clone /path/to/repository
git add <filename>
git add *
git commit -m "Commit message"
git commit -a
git push origin master
git status

git checkout -b branchname
git checkout branchname
git branch
git branch -d branchname
git push origin branchname
git push --all origin
git push origin :branchname

git pull
git merge <branchname>
git diff
git diff --base <filename>
git diff <sourcebranch> <targetbranch>
git add <filename>

git checkout -- <filename>
git fetch origin
git reset --hard origin/master

Basic Git Commands

Initial Configuration

git config --global user.name "Renjith Narayanan"
git config --global user.email [e-mail]

Create a new local repository

git init

Check out a repository

Create a working copy of a local repository :

git clone /path/to/repository

For a remote server, use :

git clone username@host:/path/to/repository

Add files

Add one or more files to staging (index) :

git add <filename>
git add *

Commit

Commit changes to head (but not yet to the remote repository):

git commit -m "Commit message"

Commit any files you've added with git add, and also commit any files you've changed since then:

git commit -a

Push

Send changes to the master branch of your remote repository:

git push origin master

Status

List the files you've changed and those you still need to add or commit:

git status

Branches

Create a new branch and switch to it.

git checkout -b branchname

Switch from one branch to another.

git checkout branchname

List all the branches in your repo, and also tell you what branch you're currently in.

git branch

Delete the feature branch

git branch -d branchname

Push the branch to your remote repository, so others can use it.

git push origin branchname

Push all branches to your remote repository.

git push --all origin

Delete a branch on your remote repository.

git push origin :branchname

Update from the remote repository

Fetch and merge changes on the remote server to your working directory:

git pull

To merge a different branch into your active branch:

git merge <branchname>

View all the merge conflicts:

git diff

View the conflicts against the base file:

git diff --base <filename>

Preview changes, before merging:

git diff <sourcebranch> <targetbranch>

After you have manually resolved any conflicts, you mark the changed file:

git add <filename>

Undo local changes

If you mess up, you can replace the changes in your working tree with the last content in head: Changes already added to the index, as well as new files, will be kept.

git checkout -- <filename>

Instead, to drop all your local changes and commits, fetch the latest history from the server and point your local master branch at it, do this:

git fetch origin
git reset --hard origin/master

Revert Commit

Revert the last commit:

git reset HEAD~

Search

Search the working directory for foo():

git grep "foo()"