Article (#1): AI Fairness Isn’t Just an Ethical Issue by Greg Satell and Yassmin Abdel-Magied (published on Oct 20, 2020)
Article (#2): Distributive Justice in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (published on Sep 22, 1996)
| Concept | Definition | Justifications | Challenges |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strict Egalitarianism | "Every person should have the same level of material goods (including burdens)" [link] | People are morally equal so the distribution of material goods should reflect that. | (1) construction of appropriate indices of measurement (2) specification of time frames |
| Pareto Superior Allocations | "Some allocations of material goods and services which will make some people better off without making anybody else worse off." [link] | ||
| Starting-gate Principles | "Principles specifying initial distributions after which the pattern need not be preserved" [link] | ||
| Difference Principle | "Social and economic inequalities are to be to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged members of society." [link] | ||
| Formal Equality of Opportunity | "... rules out formal discrimination on grounds such as a person’s race, ethnicity, age or gender" [link] |
Talk (#3): The Trouble with Bias by Kate Crawford (at NIPS 2017 on Dec 18, 2017)
- Harm of allocation (resources) -> loan approval, etc. -> immediate, quantifiable, transactional
- Harms of representation (identity) -> ad delivery, google image labels, etc. -> long term, hard to formalize, cultural
Paper (#4): Shah, Deven, H. Andrew Schwartz, and Dirk Hovy. "Predictive biases in natural language processing models: A conceptual framework and overview." arXiv preprint arXiv:1912.11078 (2019).
Article (#5): People Don't Actually Want Equality By Paul Bloom (published on Oct 22, 2015)