mvirts / websockets

Library for building WebSocket servers and clients in Python

What is websockets?

websockets is a library for building WebSocket servers and clients in Python with a focus on correctness and simplicity.

Built on top of asyncio, Python's standard asynchronous I/O framework, it provides an elegant coroutine-based API.

Documentation is available on Read the Docs.

Here's how a client sends and receives messages:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import asyncio
from websockets import connect

async def hello(uri):
    async with connect(uri) as websocket:
        await websocket.send("Hello world!")
        await websocket.recv()

asyncio.run(hello("ws://localhost:8765"))

And here's an echo server:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import asyncio
from websockets import serve

async def echo(websocket, path):
    async for message in websocket:
        await websocket.send(message)

async def main():
    async with serve(echo, "localhost", 8765):
        await asyncio.Future()  # run forever

asyncio.run(main())

Does that look good?

Get started with the tutorial!

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websockets for enterprise

Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription

The maintainers of websockets and thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source dependencies you use to build your applications. Save time, reduce risk, and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact dependencies you use. Learn more.

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(If you contribute to websockets and would like to become an official support provider, let me know.)

Why should I use websockets?

The development of websockets is shaped by four principles:

1. Simplicity: all you need to understand is msg = await ws.recv() and await ws.send(msg); websockets takes care of managing connections so you can focus on your application.
2. Robustness: websockets is built for production; for example it was the only library to handle backpressure correctly before the issue became widely known in the Python community.
3. Quality: websockets is heavily tested. Continuous integration fails under 100% branch coverage. Also it passes the industry-standard Autobahn Testsuite.
4. Performance: memory use is configurable. An extension written in C accelerates expensive operations. It's pre-compiled for Linux, macOS and Windows and packaged in the wheel format for each system and Python version.

Documentation is a first class concern in the project. Head over to Read the Docs and see for yourself.

Why shouldn't I use websockets?

• If you prefer callbacks over coroutines: websockets was created to provide the best coroutine-based API to manage WebSocket connections in Python. Pick another library for a callback-based API.
• If you're looking for a mixed HTTP / WebSocket library: websockets aims at being an excellent implementation of RFC 6455: The WebSocket Protocol and RFC 7692: Compression Extensions for WebSocket. Its support for HTTP is minimal — just enough for a HTTP health check.
• If you want to use Python 2: websockets builds upon asyncio which only works on Python 3. websockets requires Python ≥ 3.7.

What else?

Bug reports, patches and suggestions are welcome!

To report a security vulnerability, please use the Tidelift security contact. Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.

For anything else, please open an issue or send a pull request.

Participants must uphold the Contributor Covenant code of conduct.

websockets is released under the BSD license.