martincollar / drupal-rector

A developer utility for automatically upgrading deprecated code for Drupal 9

Drupal Rector

Automate fixing deprecated Drupal code.

Status

Introduction

You can read more details in the following blog post:

https://www.palantir.net/blog/jumpstart-your-drupal-9-upgrade-drupal-rector

Documentation

Development guides, individual deprecation overviews, and other resources can be found here:

https://www.palantir.net/rector

Scope and limitations

The development of this tool is prioritized by the percieved impact of the deprecations and updates. There are many deprecations that often involve several components and for each of these there are several ways to address the deprecation.

We've tried to determine impact based on:

• The use of the deprecated functionality in the contributed modules on Drupal.org
• If there are simple to develop ways to fix the deprecation

So, high impact (the code works in newer versions of Drupal for a large number of people), low effort (we can develop the rule based on our knowledge of Rector).

Common limitations

Known limitations are listed in the comment documentation for each rule.

Common limitations include:

• Using static calls like Drupal->service('my_service')->myMethod(); rather than injecting the service into the class
• Skipping complex use cases, such as when optional arguments are passed as variables
• Handling use statements in weird ways. Rector has a global option to handle use statements and we think the benefits outweigh the drawbacks such as weird placement or lack of handling of less common patterns.
• Handling doc comments in weird ways, particularly around spacing. Rector uses dependencies that sometimes delete empty comments or remove white space. At this point, Drupal Rector does not intend to modify any doc comments, but Rector ends up doing this.

Our hope is that as we learn more about Rector, we may be able to update these rules to add these features.

Issues are managed on drupal.org

https://www.drupal.org/project/rector

For contribution suggestions, please see the later section of this document.

Installation

Install Drupal Rector inside a Drupal project.

$ composer require --dev palantirnet/drupal-rector

Create a configuration file in your project

You will need to have a rector.yml configuration in the root of your repository. This should sit beside your document root such as web or docroot.

This project provides starting files that should handle most use cases.

If your document root directory is web, you can copy the rector-config-web-dir.yml

cp vendor/palantirnet/drupal-rector/rector-config-web-dir.yml rector.yml

If your document root directory is docroot, you can copy the rector-config-docroot-dir.yml

cp vendor/palantirnet/drupal-rector/rector-config-docroot-dir.yml rector.yml

If your document root directory is something else you will need to manually copy and edit rector.yml.

Replace the web in these paths with your document root.

parameters:
  autoload_paths:
    - 'web/core'
    - 'web/core/modules'
    - 'web/modules'
    - 'web/profiles'

Suggested workflow

1. Analyze your code with Rector and review suggested changes:

$ vendor/bin/rector process web/modules/contrib/[YOUR_MODULE] --dry-run

2. Apply suggested changes:

$ vendor/bin/rector process web/modules/contrib/[YOUR_MODULE]

You can find more information about Rector here.

Troubleshooting

PhpStan composer issues

You may need to upgrade phpstan/phpstan with Composer before installing this package.

Rector itself has conflicts with older versions of PhpStan.

Unable to find Rector rule classes

If you are getting errors like

[ERROR] Class "DrupalRector\Rector\Deprecation\EntityManagerRector" was not found while loading

You may need to rebuild your autoload file.

composer dump-autoload

FileLocator::locate() must be compatible with FileLocatorInterface::locate()

If you are getting errors like

PHP Fatal error:  Declaration of _HumbugBox3630ef99eac4\Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Config\FileLocator::locate($file, $currentPath = NULL, $first = true) must be compatible with _HumbugBox3630ef99eac4\Symfony\Component\Config\FileLocatorInterface::locate(string $name, ?string $currentPath = NULL, bool $first = true) in phar:///var/www/html/vendor/rector/rector-prefixed/rector/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Config/FileLocator.php on line 20
Fatal error: Declaration of _HumbugBox3630ef99eac4\Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Config\FileLocator::locate($file, $currentPath = NULL, $first = true) must be compatible with _HumbugBox3630ef99eac4\Symfony\Component\Config\FileLocatorInterface::locate(string $name, ?string $currentPath = NULL, bool $first = true) in phar:///var/www/html/vendor/rector/rector-prefixed/rector/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Config/FileLocator.php on line 20

You may need to check that you are

• Running composer install from an environment that support Php 7.2 or greater
• Running Drupal Rector from an environment that supports Php 7.2 or greater

Sometimes people install composer dependencies from one machine (host machine) and run Drupal Rector from another (such as a Lando VM).

If you are having these issues try running Rector from the environment that has Php 7.2 or greater. Drupal Rector does not need a fully functional web server, it only (more or less) needs Php and access to a standard Drupal set of files.

Iconv error when running Rector in Alpine Docker

If you are getting errors like

iconv(): Wrong charset, conversion from UTF-8 to ASCII//TRANSLIT//IGNORE is not allowed

You can fix it in Dockerfile with

# fix work iconv library with alphine
RUN apk add --no-cache --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community/ --allow-untrusted gnu-libiconv
ENV LD_PRELOAD /usr/lib/preloadable_libiconv.so php

Credits to @zolotov88 in nunomaduro/phpinsights#43 (comment)

Development and contribution suggestions

Thanks for your interest in contributing!

Our goal is to make contributing to this project easy for people. While we've made certain architectural decisions here to hopefully achieve that goal, it's a work in progress and feedback is appreciated.

Development environment

We recommend using our drupal-rector-sandbox development environment https://github.com/palantirnet/drupal-rector-sandbox

Alternatively, you can use your existing Drupal project and follow the instructions in README

Adding a Rector rule

If you would like to submit a Rector rule, we are looking for the following:

• A Rector rule class, see /src/Rector/Deprecation for existing rules
• An example file or files that show(s) the before and after, see /rector_examples and /rector_examples_updated
• An updated configuration file that registers the Rector rule, see /config/drupal-8
• A listing in the index file, see /deprecation-index.yml

Guides

A few guides are currently available and we encourage people to create additional guides to provide their perspective and help us better understand this tool together.

Video guide on creating a rector rule

https://www.palantir.net/rector/creating-drupal-rector-rule

Additional documentation and links

https://www.palantir.net/rector

Quick(?) overview

Create a Rector rule class

Rector rules should be named after the deprecation, including the class name.

Drupal::url() -> DrupalUrlRector.php drupal_set_message() -> DrupalSetMessageRector.php

We would like one Rector rule per deprecation. Some deprecations include updating multiple things and those would be separate rules.

To avoid duplication, we have created base classes for simple repeated patterns where possible. These end in Base.php and are located in /src/Rector/Deprecation/Base. In many of these rules, you will extend the base class, define class properties, add a class comment, and define the definition.

Rector supports passing parameters to rules and you can also define your rules in a variety of ways. To avoid confusion for new developers, we're trying to avoid these advanced features so that someone with limited familiarity with the tool can easily determine where things are located and what they are doing. If the copy & paste challenge isn't worth this trade-off, we can re-evaluate it as we go. Suggestions appreciated.

Create examples

We are creating pairs of example files.

These should be named the same thing as the deprecation. So, DrupalUrlRector has a rector_examples/drupal_url.php example. An example rector_examples_updated/drupal_url.php should also be created to show the updated code. You can run Drupal Rector on this file to show the update.

Example

DrupalUrlRector -> rector_examples/drupal_url.php and rector_examples_updated/drupal_url.php

If you would like to show how the code is used in a class, you can add the class to the appropriate place in the /rector_examples/src or /rector_examples/test directories. Most of the examples in the example module are services in that they are stand alone classes.

Since these classes can use static calls, dependency injection, or traits to get access to services, constants, etc, we have added more details to some class names. For example, *Static to indicate that the class is not using dependency injection.

Example

DrupalUrlRector -> rector_examples/src/DrupalUrlStatic.php and rector_examples_updated/src/DrupalUrlStatic.php

Create / Update a configuration file

The configuration files in /config/drupal-8 are broken down by Drupal minor versions.

Add your Rector rule to the relevant file.

The key is the fully qualified class name of the Rector rule. The key is the yaml null value ~.

Update the index file

The index file is used in part to provide automated updates to https://dev.acquia.com/drupal9/deprecation_status/errors which is a helpful way to track coverage. The PHPStan messages are listed there as well as in the change record comments throughout the Drupal codebase.

Credits

Current development is sponsored by Palantir.net.
Initial development is sponsored by Pronovix.