madison-freeman / CBC-and-CTR-mode.py

Program implementing encryption/decryption systems using AES in CBC mode and AES in CTR mode to recover the plaintext from hex-encoded ciphertext.

Stanford University - Cryptography I

Week 2 - AES in CBC and CTR Mode

Table of Contents

1. Overview
   1. Problem Statement
   2. Project Motivation
2. Solution
3. Result
4. Author

Overview

We will use Python to create a program that will implement encryption/decryption systems, one using AES in CBC mode and another using AES in counter mode (CTR).

Problem Statement

In both encryption/decryption systems, the 16-byte encryption IV is chosen at random and is prepended to the ciphertext. For CBC encryption we use the PKCS5 padding scheme discussed in the lecture (14:04). We have been asked to implement both encryption and decryption, but we will only be tested the decryption function.

In the following questions (1-4) we are given an AES key and a ciphertext (both are hex encoded). Our goal is to recover the plaintext and enter it in the input boxes provided below. For an implementation of AES we may use an existing crypto library such as PyCrypto (Python), Crypto++ (C++), or any other. While it is fine to use the built-in AES functions, as learning experience, we must implement CBC and CTR modes ourselves.

Question 1:

• CBC key: 140b41b22a29beb4061bda66b6747e14

• CBC Ciphertext 1: 4ca00ff4c898d61e1edbf1800618fb2828a226d160dad07883d04e008a7897ee2e4b7465d5290d0c0e6c6822236e1daafb94ffe0c5da05d9476be028ad7c1d81

Question 2:

• CBC key: 140b41b22a29beb4061bda66b6747e14
• CBC Ciphertext 2: 5b68629feb8606f9a6667670b75b38a5b4832d0f26e1ab7da33249de7d4afc48e713ac646ace36e872ad5fb8a512428a6e21364b0c374df45503473c5242a253

Question 3:

• CTR key: 36f18357be4dbd77f050515c73fcf9f2
• CTR Ciphertext 1: 69dda8455c7dd4254bf353b773304eec0ec7702330098ce7f7520d1cbbb20fc388d1b0adb5054dbd7370849dbf0b88d393f252e764f1f5f7ad97ef79d59ce29f5f51eeca32eabedd9afa9329

Question 4:

• CTR key: 36f18357be4dbd77f050515c73fcf9f2
• CTR Ciphertext 2: 770b80259ec33beb2561358a9f2dc617e46218c0a53cbeca695ae45faa8952aa0e311bde9d4e01726d3184c34451

Project Motivation

Solution

Result

• Result 1: Basic CBC mode encryption needs padding.

• Result 2: Our implementation uses rand. IV

• Result 3: CTR mode lets you build a stream cipher from a block cipher.

• Result 4: Always avoid the two time pad!

Author

• Madison F.