Chicken Scheme interface to the Python programming language.
The pyffi extension uses the Python (http://www.python.org) C interface to invoke Python procedures and methods from within Scheme and to convert data objects between their Python and Scheme representation.
Currently, pyffi supports the Python data types listed in the table below. All other Python data types are represented as pointers.
- int, float : numeric types, converted to and from the corresponding Scheme numeric values
- list : list type, converted to and from Scheme list value
- str : string type, converted to and from Scheme string value
- unicode : Unicode string type, converted to and from Scheme utf8 string
- dict : dictionary type, converted to and from Scheme alist value
- instance : class instance type, converted to Scheme alist value
- tuple : tuple type, converted to and from Scheme vector value
The setup script of pyffi attempts to autodetect the location of the Python header files and libraries for Python versions 2.3-2.7 or 3.x. The autodetection routine checks some standard installation locations for Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows. If autodetection fails, you may also specify the header and library locations as follows:
PYTHON_CFLAGS=-I/usr/include/python3.6 PYTHON_LFLAGS=-L/usr/lib PYTHON_LIBS=-lpython3.6 chicken-install pyffi
In order to determine the correct paths, the command below can be used:
python3 -c "from sysconfig import get_paths; import pprint; pprint.pprint(get_paths())"
This returns something like:
{'data': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9',
'include': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9',
'platinclude': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9',
'platlib': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages',
'platstdlib': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9',
'purelib': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages',
'scripts': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin',
'stdlib': '/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9'}
From that output include (for PYTHON_CFLAGS) and stdlib (for PYTHON_LFLAGS) are of interest. With this information the following environment variables can be passed to chicken-install:
PYTHON_CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9 \
PYTHON_LFLAGS=-L/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.1_6/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib \
PYTHON_LIBS=-lpython3.9 \
chicken-install pyffi
(py-start)
Initializes the Python interpreter, and creates an evaluation environment. This procedure must be called before all other procedures in the extension.
(py-stop)
Deallocates the memory reserved by the Python interpreter, and frees all internal structures of the extension.
(py-import name)
Imports Python module NAME. If the import was unsuccessful, raises
an exception of type 'pyerror.
(py-eval expr)
Evaluates the Python expression contained in the string EXPR and
returns the resulting value, either converted to Scheme
representation, or as a pointer to a Python value.
(py-apply func arg1 ...)
Applies the given arguments to the Python object FUNC and returns
the resulting value, either converted to Scheme representation, or as
a pointer to a Python value. The arguments must be either Scheme
values of types listed in the type conversion table above, or pointers
to Python values.
(py-object-type value)
Returns the type string of the given Python object.
(py-object-to value)
Returns the Python representation of the given Scheme object.
(py-object-from)
Returns the Scheme representation of the given Python object, or the corresponding pointer.
(define-pyfun expr arg1 ...)
Defines a Scheme procedure named when called, invokes the Python
procedure of the same name. EXPR is either a string that contains
the procedure name, or a pair of the form (FORM NAME) where FORM
is a Python expression that when evaluated returns a Python procedure,
and NAME is a string that contains the name of the Scheme
procedure. The arguments must be all symbols.
(define-pyslot NAME [SCHEME-NAME])
Defines an accessor/modifier for the Python object attribute
NAME. The optional argument SCHEME-NAME is an alternate name
for the Scheme procedure. The returned procedure takes in a Python
object and returns the value of attribute NAME contained in that
object. If the object has no such attribute, #f is returned. If a
value is supplied after the name of the object, the procedure acts as
a modifier for that slot.
(define-pymethod NAME [SCHEME-NAME: NAME] [KW: ARGS])
Defines an accessor for the Python method NAME. The optional keyword
argument SCHEME-NAME is an alternate name for the Scheme
procedure. The optional keyword argument KW is a list of keyword
argument names. The accessor is a procedure of the form LAMBDA OBJ ARG1 ... that takes in a Python object OBJ and invokes the method
NAME contained in that object, with the supplied arguments, which
must be either Scheme values of types listed in the type conversion
table above, or pointers to Python values. If the object has no such
method, #f is returned.
(import scheme (chicken base) pyffi)
(py-start)
(py-import "h5py")
(py-import "numpy")
(define-pyfun "h5py.File" name mode)
(define-pymethod "close" scheme-name: File.close) ;; File
(define-pymethod "create_dataset" scheme-name: File.create_dataset kw: (dtype)) ;; File
(define-pyslot "shape" Dataset.shape)
(define-pyslot "dtype" Dataset.dtype)
(define-pyslot "name" Dataset.name)
(define f (h5py.File "mytestfile.hdf5" "w"))
(define dset (File.create_dataset f "mydataset" (vector 100) dtype: "i"))
(print (py-object-from (Dataset.name dset)))
(print (py-object-from (Dataset.shape dset)))
(print (py-object-type (Dataset.dtype dset)))
(File.close f)(import pyffi)
(py-start)
(define (plot-data x-list y-list #!optional (filename "plot.png"))
;; rough translation of the code inside this function to python:
;; import matplotlib.pyplot
;; fig-ax-tuple = matplotlib.pyplot.subplots()
;; fig = fig-ax-tuple[0]
;; ax = fig-ax-tuple[1]
;; ax.plot(x-list, y-list)
;; fig.savefig(filename)
(py-import "matplotlib.pyplot")
(define-pyfun "matplotlib.pyplot.subplots")
(define-pymethod "plot" x-list y-list)
(define-pymethod "savefig" file)
(let* ((fig-ax-tuple (matplotlib.pyplot.subplots))
(fig (vector-ref fig-ax-tuple 0))
(ax (vector-ref fig-ax-tuple 1)))
(plot ax x-list y-list)
(savefig fig filename)))
(plot-data (list 1 2 3) (list 1 4 9) "test-plot.png")
(py-stop)Copyright 2007-2020 Ivan Raikov. Based on pyffi.lisp by Dmitri Hrapof.
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
A full copy of the GPL license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.