keymaster.js

Keymaster is a simple micro-library for defining and dispatching keyboard shortcuts in web applications.

It has no dependencies.

It’s a work in progress (e.g. beta), so spare me your nerdrage and instead contribute! Patches are welcome, but they are not guaranteed to make it in.

Usage

Include keymaster.js in your web app*, by loading it as usual:

<script src="keymaster.js"></script>

Keymaster has no dependencies and can be used completely standalone. It should not interfere with any JavaScript libraries or frameworks.

*Preferably use a minified version that fits your workflow. You can run make to have UglifyJS (if you have it installed) create a keymaster.min.js file for you.

Defining shortcuts

One global method is exposed, key which defines shortcuts when called directly.

// define short of 'a'
key('a', function(){ alert('you pressed a!') });

// returning false stops the event and prevents default browser events
key('ctrl+r', function(){ alert('stopped reload!'); return false });

// multiple shortcuts that do the same thing
key('⌘+r, ctrl+r', function(){ });

The handler method is called with two arguments set, the keydown event fired, and an object containing, among others, the following two properties:

shortcut: a string that contains the shortcut used, e.g. ctrl+r scope: a string describing the scope (or all)

key('⌘+r, ctrl+r', function(event, handler){
  console.log(handler.shortcut, handler.scope);
});

// "ctrl+r", "all"

Supported keys

Keymaster understands the following modifiers: ⇧, shift, option, ⌥, alt, ctrl, control, command, and ⌘.

The following special keys can be used for shortcuts: backspace, tab, clear, enter, return, esc, escape, space, up, down, left, right, home, end, pageup, pagedown, del, delete and f1 through f19.

Modifier key queries

At any point in time (even in code other than key shortcut handlers), you can query the key object for the state of any keys. This allows easy implementation of things like shift+click handlers. For example, key.shift is true if the shift key is currently pressed.

if(key.shift) alert('shift is pressed, OMGZ!');

Other key queries

At any point in time (even in code other than key shortcut handlers), you can query the key object for the state of any key. This is very helpful for game development using a game loop. For example, key.isPressed(77) is true if the M key is currently pressed.

if(key.isPressed("M")) alert('M key is pressed, can ya believe it!?');
if(key.isPressed(77)) alert('M key is pressed, can ya believe it!?');

You can also get these as an array using...

key.getPressedKeyCodes() // returns an array of key codes currently pressed

Scopes

If you want to reuse the same shortcut for separate areas in your single page app, Keymaster supports switching between scopes. Use the key.setScope method to set scope.

// define shortcuts with a scope
key('o, enter', 'issues', function(){ /* do something */ });
key('o, enter', 'files', function(){ /* do something else */ });

// set the scope (only 'all' and 'issues' shortcuts will be honored)
key.setScope('issues'); // default scope is 'all'

// remove all events that are set in 'issues' scope
key.deleteScope('issues');

Filter key presses

By default, when an INPUT, SELECT or TEXTAREA element is focused, Keymaster doesn't process any shortcuts.

You can change this by overwriting key.filter with a new function. This function is called before Keymaster processes shortcuts, with the keydown event as argument.

If your function returns false, then the no shortcuts will be processed.

Here's the default implementation for reference:

function filter(event){
  var tagName = (event.target || event.srcElement).tagName;
  return !(tagName == 'INPUT' || tagName == 'SELECT' || tagName == 'TEXTAREA');
}

If you only want some shortcuts to work while in an input element, you can change the scope in the key.filter function. Here's an example implementation, setting the scope to either 'input' or 'other'. Don't forget to return true so the any shortcuts get processed.

key.filter = function(event){
  var tagName = (event.target || event.srcElement).tagName;
  key.setScope(/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA|SELECT)$/.test(tagName) ? 'input' : 'other');
  return true;
}

However a more robust way to handle this is to use proper focus and blur event handlers on your input element, and change scopes there as you see fit.

noConflict mode

You can call key.noConflict to remove the key function from global scope and restore whatever key was defined to before Keymaster was loaded. Calling key.noConflict will return the Keymaster key function.

var k = key.noConflict();
k('a', function() { /* ... */ });

key()
// --> TypeError: 'undefined' is not a function

Unbinding shortcuts

Similar to defining shortcuts, they can be unbound using key.unbind.

// unbind 'a' handler
key.unbind('a');

// unbind a key only for a single scope
// when no scope is specified it defaults to the current scope (key.getScope())
key.unbind('o, enter', 'issues');
key.unbind('o, enter', 'files');

Notes

Keymaster should work with any browser that fires keyup and keydown events, and is tested with IE (6+), Safari, Firefox and Chrome.

See http://madrobby.github.com/keymaster/ for a live demo.

CoffeeScript

If you're using CoffeeScript, configuring key shortcuts couldn't be simpler:

key 'a', -> alert('you pressed a!')

key '⌘+r, ctrl+r', ->
  alert 'stopped reload!'
  off

key 'o, enter', 'issues', ->
  whatevs()

alert 'shift is pressed, OMGZ!' if key.shift

Contributing

To contribute, please fork Keymaster, add your patch and tests for it (in the test/ folder) and submit a pull request.

TODOs

Finish test suite

ilimei / keymaster