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gaurav0401 / Django-Guide

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Django-Project-Guide

NOTE: It is a good practice to create a projects in a virtual environment and create requirements.txt file (contains all the packages required to run a project).

   Some most used commands
  * pip install virtualenv
  * virtualenv environment_name  (to create new environment)
  * cd myenv (to use it)
  * Scripts/activate    (NOTE: if any error occurs then run powershell as administrator and run "set-executionpolicy remotesigned"  then press 'Y')
  * pip install -r requirements.txt
  * pip freeze >  requirements.txt
  * pip manage.py collectstatic      (this command is used to copy all the static files into a single directory structure . Every time when we add new files in static folder we need to run this command. )

  1. django-admin startproject project1 ----------> for starting project.

  2. python manage.py runserver ----------------------> to start server.

  3. python manage.py startapp app1 ----------------------> to start/create new app.

  4. when we request for a page it first comes to the urls of the project then it will pass to the urls of apps.

    • syntax:
      • for project--------path('', include('app.urls'))
      • for app------- path('pagename', views.function_name , name="...")

  5. HttpResponse is use to render texts

  6. render is used to render templates. ex: render(request , 'template name')

  7. for setting static files directories

    STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static') ]

    same to do with template find template section and add path

  8. for rendering variable in html page use {{a}} syntax: #context is a set of variables to be passed in page context={ 'a':45 }

    render(request , 'home.html' , context)

  9. python manage.py makemigrations ------------>which is responsible for creating new migrations based on the changes you have made to your models.

  10. python manage.py migrate --------------->which is responsible for applying and unapplying migrations.

  11. python manage.py createsuperuser --------------> for making super user of project. ----------------> a person who can modifed data of admin page.

  12. We can inherit one template into another template in Django. by creating block.

  13. https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x600/?river&1 unsplash api

  14. To send the data to the backend we need to create a model in a models.py moudle

    • there we need to create a class named (whatever our purpose is)
    • then register that class in admin.py module using (admin.site.register(classname))
    • then go to apps.py module and copy name of class and paste that name in settings.py module in installed app sections as "appname.apps.classname"
    • then make migrations using "python manage.py makemigrations"
    • then run "python manage.py migrate "
    • now create instance of object of model class and pass data to that object.
    • Note : {% csrf_token %} must be used in html page before sending data to the backend.

  15. from django.contrib.messages import constants as messages (for editing message status)

  16. from django.contrib import messages (for adding success and failure message )

  17. Working with Django Forms

    • In django we use forms package to create form
    • First we need to create a forms.py file in app folder of project.
    • Then we have to import forms packege in that file (i.e from django import forms)
    • Now we have to create class for whatever form we need to create (i.e class userForm(forms.Form))
    • Now we can created desired fields for forms just like create in models
    • for using that form we can simply import that form in views.py of app and create object of form and pass that object to the template for use .
    • Note: form must be used inside form tag with csrf_token

  18. Sending emails using django

    • set up the smtp in settings.py file by using following code
    • EMAIL_BACKEND ='django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend' EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com' EMAIL_HOST_USER = ' mikesmith.t2134@gmail.com' EMAIL_USE_TLS = True DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = 'mikesmith.t2134@gmail.com' EMAIL_PORT = 587 EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '*************'
    • Now we can use different methods to send emails like send_email() , which takes following arguments
    • message = send_mail( subject = "", message ='', from_email = settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER , recipient_list=[] )
    • At last send the email using a send method like message.send()

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