A unified JavaScript layer for Apache Cordova projects.

Project Structure

cordova-js
  |
  |-build/
  | Will contain any build modules (currently nothing here as it is all
  | hacked into the JakeFile)
  |
  |-lib
  |  |-cordova.js
  |  | Common Cordova stuff such as callback handling and
  |  | window/document add/removeEventListener hijacking 
  |  | 
  |  |-common/
  |  | Contains the common-across-platforms base modules
  |  |
  |  |-common/builder.js
  |  | Injects in our classes onto window and navigator (or wherever else 
  |  | is needed)
  |  |
  |  |-common/channel.js
  |  | A pub/sub implementation to handle custom framework events 
  |  |
  |  |-common/common.js
  |  | Common locations to add Cordova objects to browser globals.
  |  |
  |  |-common/exec.js
  |  | Stub for platform's specific version of exec.js
  |  |
  |  |-common/platform.js
  |  | Stub for platform's specific version of platform.js
  |  |
  |  |-common/utils.js
  |  | General purpose JS utility stuff: closures, uuids, object
  |  | cloning, extending prototypes
  |  |
  |  |-common/plugin
  |  | Contains the common-across-platforms plugin modules
  |  |
  |  |-scripts/
  |  | Contains non-module JavaScript source that gets added to the
  |  | resulting cordova.<platform>.js files closures, uuids, object
  |  |
  |  |-scripts/bootstrap.js
  |  | Code to bootstrap the Cordova platform, inject APIs and fire events
  |  |
  |  |-scripts/require.js
  |  | Our own module definition and require implementation. 
  |  |
  |  |-<platform>/
  |  | Contains the platform-specific base modules.
  |  |
  |  |-<platform>/plugin/<platform>
  |  | Contains the platform-specific plugin modules.

The way the resulting cordova.<platform>.js files will be built is by combining the scripts in the lib/scripts directory with modules from the lib/common and lib/<platform> directories. For cases where there is the same named module in lib/common and lib/<platform>/plugin/<platform>, the lib/<platform> version wins. For instance, every lib/<platform> includes an exec.js, and there is also a version in lib/common, so the lib/<platform> version will always be used. In fact, the lib/common one will throw errors, so if you build a new platform and forget exec.js, the resulting cordova.<platform>.js file will also throw errors.

Building

Make sure you have node.js installed. It should come pre-installed with npm - but if you install node and can't run npm then head over to the website and install it yourself. Make sure you have all of the node dependencies installed by running the following command from the repository root:

npm install

All of the build tasks can be run via the grunt node module. Install it globally first by running:

sudo npm install -g grunt-cli

Then from the repository root run:

grunt

This will run the build, hint and test tasks by default. All of the available tasks are:

build: creates platform versions of cordova-js and builds them into the pkg/ directory
test: runs all of the unit tests inside node
btest: creates a server so you can run the tests inside a browser
clean: cleans out the pkg/ directory
hint: runs all of the script files through JSHint
fixwhitespace: converts all tabs to four spaces, removes carriage returns and cuts out trailing whitespace within the script files

Known Issues

On Mac OS 10.7.3, there were issues with the contextify module not being able to build properly when using node v0.6.10 and running npm install. Using node v0.6.6 works, though.
On Windows, when you run npm install, you may get errors regarding contextify. This is necessary for running the tests. Make sure you are running node v0.6.15 at the least (and npm v1.1.16 which should come bundled with node 0.6.15). Also, install Python 2.7.x and Visual C++ 2010 Express. When that is done, run npm install again and it should build contextify natively on Windows.

How It Works

The build/packager.js tool is a node.js script that concatenates all of the core Cordova plugins in this repository into a cordova.<platform>.js file under the pkg/ folder. It also wraps the plugins with a RequireJS-compatible module syntax that works in both browser and node environments. We end up with a cordova.js file that wraps each Cordova plugin into its own module.

Cordova defines a channel module under lib/common/channel.js, which is a publish/subscribe implementation that the project uses for event management.

The Cordova native-to-webview bridge is initialized in lib/scripts/bootstrap.js. This file attaches the boot function to the channel.onNativeReady event - fired by native with a call to:

cordova.require('cordova/channel).onNativeReady.fire()

The boot method does all the work. First, it grabs the common platform definition (under lib/common/common.js) and injects all of the objects defined there onto window and other global namespaces. Next, it grabs all of the platform-specific object definitions (as defined under lib/<platform>/platform.js) and overrides those onto window. Finally, it calls the platform-specific initialize function (located in the platform definition). At this point, Cordova is fully initialized and ready to roll. Last thing we do is wait for the DOMContentLoaded event to fire to make sure the page has loaded properly. Once that is done, Cordova fires the deviceready event where you can safely attach functions that consume the Cordova APIs.

Testing

Tests run in node or the browser. To run the tests in node:

grunt test

To run them in the browser:

grunt btest

Final testing should always be done with the Mobile Spec test application.

Integration

Cordova

Build the .js file and drop it in as a replacement for cordova.js.

Supported Platforms

Android
iOS
BlackBerry
Windows Phone 7 ( 7.5 )
Bada (WAC implementation)
Windows 8 ( experimental work in progress )

Adding a New Platform

Add your platform as a directory under the lib folder.
Write a module that encapsulates your platform's exec method and call it exec.js. The exec method is a JavaScript function that enables communication from the platform's JavaScript environment into the platform's native environment. Each platform uses a different mechanism to enable this bridge. We recommend you check out the other platform exec definitions for inspiration. Drop this into the lib/<platform> folder you created in step 1. The exec method has the following method signature: function(success, fail, service, action, args), with the following parameters:

success: a success function callback
fail: a failure function callback
service: a string identifier that the platform can resolve to a native class
action: a string identifier that the platform can resolve to a specific method inside the class pointed to by service
args: an array of parameters to pass to the native method invoked by the exec call It is required that new platform additions be as consistent as possible with the existing service and action labels.

Define your platform definition object and name it platform.js. Drop this into the lib/<platform> folder. This file should contain a JSON object with the following properties:
- id: a string representing the platform. This should be the same name the .js file has
- objects: the property names defined as children of this property are injected into window, and also overrides any existing properties. Each property can have the following child properties:
  - path: a string representing the module ID that will define this object. For example, the file lib/plugin/accelerometer.js can be accessed as "cordova/plugin/accelerometer". More details on how the module IDs are defined are above under the "How It Works" section.
  - children: in a recursive fashion, can have path and children properties of its own that are defined as children of the parent property object
- merges: similar to the above objects property, this one will not clobber existing objects, instead it will recursively merge this object into the specific target
- initialize: a function that fires immediately after the objects (see above) are defined in the global scope
The following is a simple example of a platform definition:
```
 {
   id:"atari",
   initialize:function(){
     console.log('firing up cordova in my atari, yo.');
   },
   objects:{
     cordova:{
       path:"cordova",
       children:{
         joystick:{
           path:"cordova/plugin/atari/joystick"
         }
       }
     }
   }
 }
 
```
You should probably add a packager.bundle('<platform>') call to the Jakefile under the build task.
Make sure your native implementation executes the following JavaScript once all of the native side is initialized and ready: require('cordova/channel').onNativeReady.fire().
The deviceready event is important. To make sure that the stock common JavaScript fires this event off, the device and network connection plugins must successfully be instantiated and return information about the connectivity and device information. The success callbacks for these plugins should include calls to require('cordova/channel').onCordovaInfoReady.fire() (for device information) and require('cordova/channel').OnCordovaConnectionReady.fire() (for network information).
Last but certainly not least: add yourself to the contributors list! It's in the package.json file in the root of this repository. You deserve it!

falico / cordova-js