My notes on setting up a simple production server with ubuntu, nginx, passenger and mysql for rails.
echo "alias ll='ls -l'" >> ~/.bash_aliases
edit .bashrc and uncomment the loading of .bash_aliases
If you have trouble with PATH that changes when doing sudo, see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/257616/sudo-changes-path-why then add the following line to the same file
echo "alias sudo='sudo env PATH=$PATH'" >> ~/.bash_aliases
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
sudo apt-get install ntp
sudo ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com # Update time
Verify that you have to correct date and time with
date
sudo hostname your-hostname
Add 127.0.0.1 your-hostname
sudo vim /etc/hosts
Write your-hostname in
sudo vim /etc/hostname
Verify that hostname is set
hostname
This should be installed before Ruby Enterprise Edition becouse that will install the mysql gem.
sudo apt-get install mysql-server libmysqlclient15-dev
Add the following lines to ~/.gemrc, this will speed up gem installation and prevent rdoc and ri from being generated, this is not nessesary in the production environment.
---
:sources:
- http://gems.rubyforge.org
- http://gems.github.com
gem: --no-ri --no-rdoc
Check for newer version at http://www.rubyenterpriseedition.com/download.html
Install package required by ruby enterprise, C compiler, Zlib development headers, OpenSSL development headers, GNU Readline development headers
sudo apt-get install build-essential zlib1g-dev libssl-dev libreadline5-dev
Download and install Ruby Enterprise Edition
wget http://rubyforge.org/frs/download.php/66162/ruby-enterprise-X.X.X-ZZZZ.ZZ.tar.gz
tar xvfz ruby-enterprise-X.X.X-ZZZZ.ZZ.tar.gz
rm ruby-enterprise-X.X.X-ZZZZ.ZZ.tar.gz
cd ruby-enterprise-X.X.X-ZZZZ.ZZ/
sudo ./installer
Change target folder to /opt/ruby for easier upgrade later on
Add Ruby Enterprise bin to PATH
echo "export PATH=/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.profile && . ~/.profile
Verify the ruby installation
ruby -v
ruby 1.8.7 (2009-06-12 patchlevel 174) [x86_64-linux], MBARI 0x6770, Ruby Enterprise Edition 20090928
Verify rake using sudo
sudo rake --version
If you receive this message
sudo: rake: command not found
Execute
cd /usr/local/bin
sudo ln -s /opt/ruby/bin/rake
sudo ln -s /opt/ruby/bin/ruby
sudo ln -s /opt/ruby/bin/gem
sudo ln -s /opt/ruby/bin/irb
Check for newer version at http://git-scm.com/download
Download and install git
sudo apt-get build-dep git-core
wget http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-1.7.5.1.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf git-1.7.5.1.tar.bz2
cd git-1.7.5.1
./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo apt-get install exuberant-ctags
sudo /opt/ruby/bin/passenger-install-nginx-module
Select option 1. Yes: download, compile and install Nginx for me. (recommended)
When finished, verify nginx source code is located under /tmp
$ ll /tmp/
drwxr-xr-x 8 deploy deploy 4096 2009-04-18 17:48 nginx-0.6.36
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 528425 2009-04-02 08:49 nginx-0.6.36.tar.gz
drwxrwxrwx 7 1169 1169 4096 2009-04-18 17:56 pcre-7.8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1168513 2009-04-18 17:51 pcre-7.8.tar.gz
Run the passenger-install-nginx-module once more if you want to add --with-http_ssl_module
$ sudo /opt/ruby/bin/passenger-install-nginx-module
Select option 2. No: I want to customize my Nginx installation. (for advanced users)
When installation script ask, "Where is your Nginx source code located?" Enter:
/tmp/nginx-0.6.36
On, extra arguments to pass to configure script add
--with-http_ssl_module
More information on http://wiki.nginx.org/Nginx-init-ubuntu
cd
git clone git://github.com/jnstq/rails-nginx-passenger-ubuntu.git
sudo mv rails-nginx-passenger-ubuntu/nginx/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx
sudo chown root:root /etc/init.d/nginx
Verify that you can start and stop nginx with init script
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
* Starting Nginx Server...
...done.
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx status
nginx found running with processes: 11511 11510
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop
* Stopping Nginx Server...
...done.
sudo /usr/sbin/update-rc.d -f nginx defaults
If you want, reboot and see so the webserver is starting as it should.
If you want to install the latest version of ImageMagick. I used MiniMagick that shell-out to the mogrify command, worked really well for me.
# If you already installed imagemagick from apt-get
sudo apt-get remove imagemagick
sudo apt-get install libperl-dev gcc libjpeg62-dev libbz2-dev libtiff4-dev libwmf-dev libz-dev libpng12-dev libx11-dev libxt-dev libxext-dev libxml2-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms1-dev libexif-dev perl libjasper-dev libltdl3-dev graphviz gs-gpl pkg-config
Use wget to grab the source from ImageMagick.org.
Once the source is downloaded, uncompress it:
wget ftp://ftp.imagemagick.org/pub/ImageMagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
tar xvfz ImageMagick.tar.gz
Now configure and make:
cd ImageMagick-6.6.2-10
./configure
make
sudo make install
To avoid an error such as:
convert: error while loading shared libraries: libMagickCore.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
sudo ldconfig
Install RMagick
sudo /opt/ruby/bin/ruby /opt/ruby/bin/gem install rmagick
svn co https://vim.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/vim/branches/vim7.2
cd vim7.2/
./configure --with-features=huge --enable-gui=gnome2 --enable-cscope --enable-pythoninterp
make
sudo make install
Add plugins and snippets
git clone git://github.com/cassiomarques/cmarques-vimfiles.git ~/.vim
cp .vim/vimrc ~/.vimrc
It is we would recommend changing the file .vimrc and change the colorscheme ir_black to desert.
sudo apt-get install monit
Make sure all of the monit files are in place — /etc/default/monit and /etc/init.d/monit — and then we can remove the package:
sudo apt-get remove monit
Install dependencies
sudo apt-get install bison flex
Once we’ve got the dependencies, we can download the source:
wget http://mmonit.com/monit/dist/monit-5.2.1.tar.gz
tar xzvf monit-5.2.1.tar.gz
cd monit-5.2.1
./configure
make
sudo make install
Now Monit 5 should be installed. We’ll need to update the init script and the configuration file to use the new Monit installation path:
sudo vim /etc/init.d/monit
Look for the PATH and DAEMON variables — change them so they look like this:
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/monit
Configure monit and then edit /etc/default/monit and set the "startup" variable to 1 in order to allow monit to start
startup=1
Edit monit configuration file in /etc/monit/monitrc. Inside it, add something like this:
set daemon 120
set logfile syslog facility log_daemon
set mailserver smtp.gmail.com port 587 username "user@domain.com" password "userpassword" using tlsv1,
with timeout 15 seconds
set eventqueue
basedir /var/monit
slots 1000
set mail-format { from: monit@mydomain.com }
set alert admin@domain.com
set httpd port 2812 and
allow admin:monit
check system localhost
if loadavg (1min) > 3 then alert
if loadavg (5min) > 2 then alert
if memory usage > 60% then alert
if cpu usage (user) > 70% then alert
if cpu usage (system) > 30% then alert
if cpu usage (wait) > 20% then alert
## nginx ##
check process nginx with pidfile /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/nginx start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/nginx stop"
group server
## mysql ##
check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/mysql start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysql stop"
group database
## redis ##
check process redis-server with pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
start program = "/usr/bin/redis-server /etc/redis.conf"
stop program = "/usr/bin/killall -9 redis-server"
group redis
Start monit:
sudo /etc/init.d/monit start
=> Starting daemon monitor: monit.
If monit is working, you will watch it automatically restart. Don't forget to check out the web interface on http://youdomain.com:2812
For more information about configure Monit, see http://rfw.posterous.com/monit-101-an-developers-guide-to-system-monit
rails -d mysql testapp
cd testapp
Enter your mysql password
vim database.yml
rake db:create:all
ruby script/generate scaffold post title:string body:text
rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production
Check so the rails app start as normal
ruby script/server
sudo vim /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
Add a new virutal host
server {
listen 80;
# server_name www.mycook.com;
root /home/deploy/testapp/public;
passenger_enabled on;
}
Restart nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
Check you ipaddress and see if you can acess the rails application