This is mirror of: http://vhosts.eecs.umich.edu/genchansim/
code: GCS.TAR as of February 1998 The version contained here is "unofficial". This has been lightly tested on three different UNIX systems during the winter of 1998. details to build
Background
The Generic Channel Simulator (GCS) is a software package designed to implement the wireless channel models developed by Dr. Phillip A. Bello under contracts MDA904-95-C-2078, DAAB07-93-C-N651, and DAAB07-94-C-H601. The modeling and simulation carried out in the initial contract DAAB07-93-C-N651, dealt only with the HF Ionosphere channel. The tapped delay line models and associated statistical channel models employed were of a generic nature and it was found that much of the software could be employed directly or modified slightly to model other radio channels, particularly the mobile cellular and non-cellular channels in the higher frequency bands. Thus under subsequent contracts the repertoire of simulated channels has expanded considerably. To reduce the burden to a GCS user in having to select from a large range of parameters, optional default scenarios identical to those discussed in the body of the final report of contract MDA904-95-C-2078 (see the documents page) have been introduced. Addtional default scenarios can be readily generated by the user as additional experimental data becomes available. For each channel separate programs are provided which simulate distortion (e.g. time variant multipath), and additive disturbances (e.g., interference) in addition to programs that allow estimation of path loss.The software has been programmed in ANSI C and developed in a Unix environment on a SUN workstation. Both Motif Windows and command -line scripts can be used for entry of parameters.
At the present time the GCS simulates the following channels: Cellular/PCS (Macrocell and Microcell), VHF/UHF Mobile-Mobile and Mobile-Base Station, VHF/UHF Air-Air and Air-Ground, Land Mobile Satellite, Indoor Channels, and HF Ionospheric. The GCS should provide a useful tool in the comparative evaluation of communication and detection techniques over both military and non-military wireless channels.
Acknowledgments
A number of individuals have contributed to the software development. The initial work, confined to the WBHF channel, was carried out by Richard Coutts ( with some contributions by Mark Sandler) when they worked at Mitre Corp. This was followed by the JTC and Mixed Channel models of the cellular channels programmed by Christopher Nissen and Jeffrey Blanchard of the Mitre Corp. The most recent software effort has been carried out by Dr. Catherine Keller (with some support by Linda Riehl) of MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Dr. Keller has written a user's manual and a link to this manual is provided in the documents section of the Home Page.
References
-
The GCS Final Report by P.A. Bello describes the Generic Channel Simulator in great detail.
-
P.A. Bello's MILCOM'97 Paper contains an overview of the Generic Channel Simulator.
Generic Channel Simulator README PAGE
by
P. A. Bello, BELLO, INC.
and
C. M. Keller, MIT Lincoln Laboratory
INTRODUCTION
The Generic Channel Simulator (GCS) is a software package developed
for the DOD. The GCS is an outgrowth of Wideband HF (WBHF) Ionospheric modeling and simulation work carried out under Contract DAAB07-93-C-N651. [1] documents the basis for the HF channel models developed. The tapped delay line and associated statistical models employed were of a generic nature and it was found that much of the software could be employed directly or modified to model other radio channels, particularly the mobile cellular and non-cellular channels in the higher frequency bands.
Thus, under Contract DAAB07-94-C-H601 modifications and additions
were made to allow the simulation of macrocell and microcell channels [2]. A subset of the software was used to simulate the models adopted by the JTC as a commercial standard for testing of PCS/Cellular modems. However, the GCS includes a more realistic simulation of PCS/Cellular channels than the JTC simulation using the Mixed Discrete/Scatter Model. In addition, the most recent model development for the GCS [3], has made the channel simulations more versatile and has increased the types of channels simulated. Current with the work carried out in [3], software development and modifications of the GCS have been carried out by MIT Lincoln Laboratory under a separate contract [4]. Prior software development was carried out by the Mitre Corp[2][5].
At the present time the GCS simulates the following channels:
Cellular/PCS (Macrocell and Microcell), VHF/UHF Mobile-Mobile and Mobile-Base Station, VHF/UHF Air-Air and Air-Ground, Land Mobile Satellite, Indoor Channels, and HF Ionospheric. The GCS should provide a useful tool in the comparative evaluation of communication and detection techniques over both military and non-military wireless channels.
DIRECTORY STRUCTURE AND SOFTWARE NOMENCLATURE
The information that follows is included to help the user become
familiar with the directory structure of the software package and to provide instructions on how to enter parameters and run programs. This is a mere subset of the information that is contained in [4].
Below is a directory tree diagram of the current software package,
followed by a brief explanation of the role of each directory.
GenChanSim
`----HF (hfc)
| `----AddDist
| | `----atmosphere (atmosphere)
| | | `----calibrate (atmoscal)
| | `----gaussnoise (gaussnoise)
| | `----narrowband (narrowband)
| `----PathLoss *
| `----PropChan (propchan)
| `----scenarios (whichhf)
| `----src
`----MobileChan
| `----AddDist
| | `----cochannel *
| | `----gaussnoise (gaussnoise)
| | `----ignition (ignition)
| `----PathLoss (cost231hata, cost231walike, hata, nlosbelrfblk, ...)
| `----PropChan
| `----SatMobile (lin, lutz, flatfade)
| | `----scenarios
| `----AirMobile
| | `----airtoair (airairchan)
| | `----scenarios (whichscen)
| | `----airtoground (airgroundchan)
| | `----scenarios (whichscen)
| `----LandMobile
| `----cellular
| | `----JTCmod (JTCchan)
| | | `----scenarios
| | `----mixedmod (mixedchan)
| | `----scenarios
| | `----indoor (whichscen)
| | `----macro (whichscen)
| | `----micro (whichscen)
| `----VHFUHF (vhfuhfmixedchan)
| `----scenarios
| `----mobiletobase (whichscen)
`----Sat `----mobiletomobile (whichscen)
| `----AddDist *
| `----PathLoss *
| `----PropChan *
`----Tools (fileconv, filesum, linkbud)
| `----signal (signal)
`----cmdline
`----matlab
`----misc
`----xapplres
--------------------------------------------------------------------
( . ) == executable program within the directory.
* == empty directory.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
directory description
--------- ----------
GenChanSim Base directory containing all the required software (excluding
standard UNIX libraries) to compile and run the GCS code.
HF Base directory for all HF channel simulator software.
Also contains a top-level GUI program 'hfc' with a menu
of HF programs.
AddDist Additive disturbance simulators.
atmosphere Contains the atmospheric interference simulator. Subdirectory
'calibrate' contains software for calibrating values of Vd and
sigma.
gaussnoise Contains the Gaussian noise generator.
narrowband Contains the narrowband interference simulator.
PathLoss To contain pathloss models for HF
PropChan Contains the HF propagation channel simulator
'propchan' and the subdirectory 'scenarios' with
script files to run specific models, the the program
'whichhf' to help the user select one of the
scenarios. A subdirectory 'tapwgts' contains software
used in generating the tap weight coefficients.
src Contains the source code for the MOTIF front end that selects
channel modeling software. NOTE: not used for pathloss or receive
SNR programs.
MobileChan Base directory for all mobile channel simulator software.
AddDist Additive disturbance simulators.
cochannel Will Contain the cochannel interference simulator.
gaussnoise Contains the Gaussian noise generator 'gaussnoise.'
ignition Contains the ignition noise simulator 'ignition.'
PathLoss Contains pathloss models for the mobile channel,
'cost231hata,' 'cost231walike,' 'hata,'
'nlosbelrfblk,' 'ploss\_jtc,' 'qkarea,' 'snr2loss,'
and 'unobdirurbhf.' To also contain
satellite-to-ground path-loss models.
PropChan The base directory for the mobile propagation channel
simulators.
SatMobile Contains the satellite-to-ground propagation channel
simulators 'lin,' 'lutz,' 'flatfade,' and the
subdirectory 'scenarios' with script files to run
specific models.
AirMobile The base directory for the VHF/UHF air mobile
propagation channel simulators.
airtoair Contains the air-to-air channel simulator.
'airairchan' and the subdirectory 'scenarios' with
script files to run specific models, and the
program 'whichscen' to help the user select one of
the scenarios.
airtoground Contains the air-to-ground channel simulator
'airgroundchan' and the subdirectory 'scenarios' with
script files to run specific models, and the
program 'whichscen' to help the user select one of
the scenarios.
LandMobile The base directory for the mobile communication
channel simulators.
cellular Contains the cellular and pcs channel simulators.
JTCmod Contains the JTC channel simulator 'JTCchan' and a
subdirectory 'scenarios' with script files to
run specific models.
mixedmod Contains the mixed discrete/scatter path
channel simulator 'mixedchan' and subdirectories
'scenarios/indoor,' 'scenarios/macro,' and
'scenarios/micro' with script files to run
specific models, and the program ``whichscen''
to help the user select one of the scenarios.
VHFUHF Contains the VHF/UHF mobile-to-mobile program
'vhfuhfmixedchan' and the subdirectories
'scenarios/mobiletobase' and
'scenarios/mobiletomobile' with script files to
run specific models, and the program 'whichscen'
to help the user select one of the scenarios.
Sat The base directory for the conventional
(non-land-mobile) satellite channel simulators.
Tools Contains tools used with any type of simulator including
a link budget program 'linkbud' that calculates receiver
SNR.
fileconv Contains the tool 'fileconv' to convert a simulator
output file to MATLAB format.
filesum Contains the tool 'filesum' to add simulator output files.
signal Contains a complex signal generator 'signal' for steps and
impulses that can be used for simulator input signals.
cmdline Contains software routines used in the development of
the Motif interfaces.
matlab Contains scripts for data reduction.
misc Contains miscelaneous software and common support software for
many of the simulator routines.
xapplres Contains resource files for the motif interface.
'cmdline' is the default resource file.
A brief list and description is given below on executable software
provided. Many executables are given the same name as the directory in which they reside. For information on software parameters, please refer to [4]. A 'usage' line for a program can be obtained at the UNIX prompt simply typing the name of the module, e.g.,
% fileconv
returns
Usage: fileconv -i Input_File [-o Output_File] [-m Matlab_Format] [-a ASCII_Form
at] [-win]
software description
-------- ------------------
signal Complex signal generator (impulse, ones, sine)
fileconv Convert binary complex file to either ascii or a Matlab 3.5
'.mat' format.
filesum Weight and sum binary complex input files to one binary complex
output file. Up to five input files and gain may be entered.
loadcomplex.m Matlab script for reading complex data file into matlab 4.0.
loadfloat.m Matlab script for reading floating-pt data file into matlab 4.0.
propchan HF propogation channel model.
atmosphere HF atmospheric noise simulator.
narrowband HF narrowband interference generator.
gaussnoise Gaussian noise generator.
hfnoise background Gaussian noise simulator.
hfc MOTIF front end to select HF channel simulation software.
This front end is not needed if you know which executable
to use.
ignition VHF/UHF ignition additive disturbances simulator.
mixedchan Mobile channel mixed discrete/scatter path model.
vhfuhfmixedchan VHF/UHF mixed discrete/scatter path model simulator.
JTCchan Mobile channel JTC model.
airairchan VHF/UHF air-to-air channel simulator.
airgroundchan VHF/UHF air-to-ground channel simulator.
flatfade flat fading channel simulator.
lutz Lutz land-mobile satellite channel simulator.
lin Lin land-mobile satellite channel simulator.
cost231hata COST 231 hata model for 1500-2000MHz urban.
cost231walike COST 231 Walfish and Ikegami path loss model.
hata Hata path loss model.
linkbud Receive SNR link budget program.
snr2loss Receive SNR link budget program, but takes SNR as input
and outputs the corresponding path loss.
ploss_jtc JTC path loss model.
qkarea Longley-Rice "Quick Area" path loss model program from
"A Guide to the Use of the ITS Irregular Terrain Model
in the Area Prediction Mode".
unobdirurbhr 1st order dielectric canyon
(Unobstructed direct path urban high rise)
path loss model.
nlosbelrfblk non-LOS below the roof ( 1st order road guided and
COST231-Walfisch-Ikegami ) with Tx (base) at center
of a block.
nlosbelrfint non-LOS below the roof ( 1st order road guided and
COST231-Walfisch-Ikegami ) with Tx (base) at center
of an intersection.
RUNNING SOFTWARE
To run the software the user can either use aliases or add an entry into their path list.
For convenience, numerous aliases have been defined to allow the user
to move about directories and to run programs more easily. The files defining the aliases are in the same directory as this ReadMe file, called MOTIF.alias and NO_MOTIF.alias. It is recommended that the user defines a single alias in his/her .cshrc file that sources the appropriate one of these .alias files when called. For example, the user might include the line
alias simstart 'source /pathtogenchansim/GenChanSim/MOTIF.alias'
in his/her .cshrc file, where pathtogenchansim is the path to the loaded software. Then, the user can go to any desired working directory, type simstart, and then have all of the alias defined in MOTIF.alias at his/her fingertips.
The user will have to edit MOTIF.alias and NO_MOTIF.alias to contain
the correct pathtogenchansim and path to Motif and libraries. Then, the user should get into the GenChanSim directory, and type "make" so that all of the software will be compiled.
Good-luck.
REFERENCES
[1] P.A.Bello, Wideband HF Propagation, Narrowband Interference, and Atmospheric Noise Models for Link Performance Evaluation, MITRE Technical Report MT 93B0000086, July 1993.
[2] P.A.Bello, C.A.Nissen, and J.J.Blanchard, Generic Channel Simulator, Draft Final Report on Project 8632L, Mitre Corp., September 30, 1994.
[3] P.A.Bello, Generic Channel Simulator, BELLO, Inc. Report BTR 103, Final Report under Contract MDA904-95-C-2078. February, 10,1997.
[4] C.M.Keller, Generic Channel Simulator Software, MIT Lincoln Laboratory Project Report AST-46, August 1997.
[5] R. Coutts, Software Wideband HF Channel Simulation, MITRE Report MTR93B0000122, The MITRE Corp, Bedford, Massachusetts, October 1993.