mod_hfs_apple Apache module (enforce casing in URLs which need it) When a <Directory> statement is found in the configuration file (this discussion does not apply if .htaccess files are used instead) then its directory path is supposed to apply to any URL which URI uses that directory. In other words, a <Directory> statement usually defines some restrictions and any URL that goes to the targeted directory (or its sub-directories) should "follow" those restrictions. On case-sensitive volumes, a URI must always match the actual path, in order for the file to be fetched. Any <Directory> statement will consequently be enforced. Because if there is a case-mismatch a file-not-found error will be returned and if there is no case-mismatch then relevant <Directory> statements will be walked through while parsing the URI. On case-insensitive HFS volumes, a URI may not always case-match the actual path to the file that needs to be fetched. That means that <Directory> statements may not be walked through if a case-mismatch appears in the URI (or in the statement) in regards to the actual path stored on disk. Consequently, some restrictive statements may be missed but the target file may still be returned as response. In this situation we have a problem: to solve it we should refuse such URL that case-mismatches part of the path which, if not miscased, would actually make a <Directory> statement currently configured applies. That is what this module does. Consequently, when this module is installed, some "pseudo-case-sensitivity" is enforced when Apache deals with case-insensitive HFS volumes.