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Medical Cannabis: The Health Effects of THC and CBD

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Medical Cannabis: The Health Effects of THC and CBD

University of Colorado Boulder

Infographics

Course 1: History of Medical Cannabis

Week 1: Cannabis and Health

Resources

Lectures

  1. Intro to Professor and Course
  2. Why is this topic (and course) important?
  3. What is cannabis?
  4. Physiological Effects of Cannabinoids in the Body
  5. More on Cannabinoids in the Brain
  6. Deep Dive on Cannabinoid Pharmacology

Week 2: History of Cannabis

Resources

Lectures

  1. Cannabis History
  2. Legal History
  3. Legalization in States and Countries
  4. History of Products and Formulations
  5. Business Models - Are Marijuana Companies Rolling in Cash?

Week 3: Research Barriers, Veracity, and Validity + Placebo Effects

Resources

Lectures

  1. Barriers to Research
  2. End Result of Barriers to Research
  3. How to Evaluate Evidence
  4. Internal and External Validity
  5. Placebo Effect

Week 4: Cannabis and the Brain

Resources

Lectures

  1. Cannabis and the Brain (part 1)
  2. Cannabis and the Brain (part 2)
  3. Impart of Legalization on Epidemiology
  4. Changes in Potency
  5. Public Health Data

Course 2: Cannabis, Chronic Pain, and Related Disorders

Week 1: Chronic Pain and Cannabis

Resources

Lectures

  1. What is Chronic Pain?
  2. The Epidemiology of Chronic Pain
  3. The Etiology of Chronic Pain
  4. Current Treatments for Chronic Pain
  5. Cannabis and Chronic Pain

Week 2: Opioid Epidemic and Cannabis

Resources

  • What is the U.S. Opioid Epidemic?
    • In the late 1990s, pharmaceutical companies reassured the medical community that patients would not become addicted to opioid pain relievers and healthcare providers began to prescribe them at greater rates.
    • Increased prescription of opioid medications led to widespread misuse of both prescription and non-prescription opioids before it became clear that these medications could indeed be highly addictive.
    • In 2017 HHS declared a public health emergency and announced a 5-Point Strategy To Combat the Opioid Crisis
  • Understanding the Opioid Epidemic
    • Drug overdose deaths continue to increase in the United States.
    • From 1999 to 2017, more than 700,000 people have died from a drug overdose.
    • Around 68% of the more than 70,200 drug overdose deaths in 2017 involved an opioid.
    • In 2017, the number of overdose deaths involving opioids (including prescription opioids and illegal opioids like heroin and illicitly manufactured fentanyl) was 6 times higher than in 1999.
    • On average, 130 Americans die every day from an opioid overdose.
  • Opioid Abuse Review
    • Chronic pain and prescription opioid abuse are extremely prevalent both in this country and worldwide. Consequences of opioid misuse can be life-threatening with significant morbidity and mortality, exacting a heavy toll on patients, physicians, and society. Individuals with chronic pain and co-occurring substance use disorders and/or mental health disorders, are at a higher risk for misuse of prescribed opioids. Opioid abuse and misuse occurs for a variety of reasons, including self-medication, use for reward, compulsive use because of addiction, and diversion for profit.
  • Can CBD Treat Opioid Addiction?
  • The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids (ie. "NAS Report")
    • Addiction (pg. 116)
    • Anxiety (pg. 118)

Lectures

  1. What is Opioid Use Disorder?
  2. Epidemiology of Opioid Use Disorder
  3. The Etiology (causes) of Opioid Use Disorder
  4. Traditional Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder
  5. Cannabis and Opioid Use Disorder

Week 3: Obesity/Type 2 Diabetes, Sleep, and Cannabis

Resources

  • Adult Obesity Causes & Consequences
    • Obesity is a complex health issue to address. Obesity results from a combination of causes and contributing factors, including individual factors such as behavior and genetics. Behaviors can include dietary patterns, physical activity, inactivity, medication use, and other exposures. Additional contributing factors in our society include the food and physical activity environment, education and skills, and food marketing and promotion. Obesity is a serious concern because it is associated with poorer mental health outcomes, reduced quality of life, and the leading causes of death in the U.S. and worldwide, including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer.
  • What is Sleep? Why is it needed?
  • Insomnia

Lectures

  1. Definition and Epidemiology of Obesity and Type II Diabetes
  2. Current Treatments for Obesity and Type II Diabetes
  3. Cannabis, Obesity, and Type II Diabetes
  4. Sleep and Sleep Disorders
  5. Etiology and Current Treatments for Sleep Disorders

Week 4: Cancer and Cannabis

Resources

Safety and Efficacy of Medical Cannabis For Patients with Cancer

Lectures

  1. Cancer Overview
  2. Can Cannabis Cause Cancer?
  3. Studies on Cannabis Use in Patients
  4. Is Cannabis Effective in Treatment of Cancer Symptoms?

Course 3: Cannabis, Mental Health, and Brain Disorders

Week 1: Anxiety Disorders and Cannabis

Resources

Lectures

Week 2: Mood Disorders, Psychosis, and Cannabis

Resources

Lectures

Week 3: Neurocongnitive/Brain Disorders Part I

Resources

Lectures

Week 4: Neurocongnitive/Brain Disorders Part II

Resources

Lectures

Course 4:

Week 1: Inflammation and the Microbiome

Resources

  • Microbes and Minds
    • In recent years, an extensive body of literature focused on the gut–brain axis and the possible role played by the gut microbiota in modulating brain morphology and function from birth to old age. Gut microbiota has been proposed as a relevant player during the early phases of neurodevelopment, with possible long-standing effects in later life. The reduction in gut microbiota diversity has also become one of the hallmarks of aging, and disturbances in its composition are associated with several (age-related) neurological conditions, including depression, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Several pathways have been evoked for gut microbiota–brain communication, including neural connections (vagus nerve), circulating mediators derived by host-bacteria cometabolism, as well as the influence exerted by gut microbiota on host gut function, metabolism, and immune system. Although the most provoking data emerged from animal studies and despite the huge debate around the possible epiphenomenal nature of those findings, the gut microbiota–brain axis still remains a fascinating target to be exploited to attenuate some of the most burdensome consequences of aging.
  • Chronic Inflammation & Age-Associated Diseases
    • Human aging is characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammation, and this phenomenon has been termed as “inflammaging.” Inflammaging is a highly significant risk factor for both morbidity and mortality in the elderly people, as most if not all age-related diseases share an inflammatory pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the precise etiology of inflammaging and its potential causal role in contributing to adverse health outcomes remain largely unknown. The identification of pathways that control age-related inflammation across multiple systems is therefore important in order to understand whether treatments that modulate inflammaging may be beneficial in old people. The session on inflammation of the Advances in Gerosciences meeting held at the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging in Bethesda on October 30 and 31, 2013 was aimed at defining these important unanswered questions about inflammaging. This article reports the main outcomes of this session.

Lectures

Week 2: Sports, Exercise, and Recovery

Resources

Lectures

Week 3: Cannabis and Aging

Resources

Lectures

Week 4: Summary and Next Steps

Lectures

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Medical Cannabis: The Health Effects of THC and CBD

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