cider-security-research / cicd-goat

A deliberately vulnerable CI/CD environment. Learn CI/CD security through multiple challenges.

Deliberately vulnerable CI/CD environment. Hack CI/CD pipelines, capture the flags. 🚩

Created by Cider Security (Acquired by Palo Alto Networks).

Table of Contents

• Description
• Download & Run
  • Linux & Mac
  • Windows (Powershell)
• Usage
  • Instructions
  • Take the challenge
  • Troubleshooting
• Solutions
• Contributing

Description

The CI/CD Goat project allows engineers and security practitioners to learn and practice CI/CD security through a set of 11 challenges, enacted against a real, full blown CI/CD environment. The scenarios are of varying difficulty levels, with each scenario focusing on one primary attack vector.

The challenges cover the Top 10 CI/CD Security Risks, including Insufficient Flow Control Mechanisms, PPE (Poisoned Pipeline Execution), Dependency Chain Abuse, PBAC (Pipeline-Based Access Controls), and more.
The different challenges are inspired by Alice in Wonderland, each one is themed as a different character.

The project’s environment is based on Docker containers and can be run locally. These containers are:

1. Gitea (minimal git server)
2. Jenkins
3. Jenkins agent
4. LocalStack (cloud service emulator that runs in a single container)
5. Prod - contains Docker in Docker and Lighttpd service
6. CTFd (Capture The Flag framework)
7. GitLab
8. GitLab runner
9. Docker in Docker

The images are configured to interconnect in a way that creates fully functional pipelines.

Download & Run

There's no need to clone the repository.

Linux & Mac

curl -o cicd-goat/docker-compose.yaml --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cider-security-research/cicd-goat/main/docker-compose.yaml
cd cicd-goat && docker compose up -d

Windows (Powershell)

mkdir cicd-goat; cd cicd-goat
curl -o docker-compose.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cider-security-research/cicd-goat/main/docker-compose.yaml
get-content docker-compose.yaml | %{$_ -replace "bridge","nat"}
docker compose up -d

Usage

Instructions

• Spoiler alert! Avoid browsing the repository files as they contain spoilers.
• To configure your git client for accessing private repositories we suggest cloning using the http url.
• In each challenge, find the flag - in the format of flag# (e.g flag2), or another format if mentioned specifically.
• Each challenge stands on its own. Do not use access gained in one challenge to solve another challenge.
• If needed, use the hints on CTFd.
• There is no need to exploit CVEs.
• No need to hijack admin accounts of Gitea or Jenkins (named "admin" or "red-queen").

Take the challenge

1. After starting the containers, it might take up to 5 minutes until the containers configuration process is complete.

2. Login to CTFd at http://localhost:8000 to view the challenges:

   • Username: alice
   • Password: alice

3. Hack:

   • Jenkins http://localhost:8080
     • Username: alice
     • Password: alice
   • Gitea http://localhost:3000
     • Username: thealice
     • Password: thealice
   • GitLab http://localhost:4000
     • Username: alice
     • Password: alice1234

4. Insert the flags on CTFd and find out if you got it right.

Troubleshooting

• If Gitea shows a blank page, refresh the page.
• When forking a repository, don't change the name of the forked repository.
• If any of the services doesn't start or is not configured correctly try adding more cpu and memory to the docker engine and update it to the lateset version.

Solutions

Warning: Spoilers! 🙈

• See Solutions.
• BSidesLV talk: Climbing the Production Mountain: Practical CI/CD Attacks Using CI/CD Goat - Featuring solutions of the Caterpillar, Mock Turtle and Dormouse challenges.

Contributing

See Contributing.