xal
xal is a Python library which provides an high-level API to interact with system resources (files, commands, ...) and low-level execution via third-parties (stdlib, Fabric, Salt, ...).
The concept is you open a session in system, then you run commands within the session:
- session is specific, it holds the execution context, it knows the low-level implementation.
- commands use a generic API. You could run the same commands in another session.
Tip
"xal" is the acronym of "eXecution Abstraction Layer".
Example
Let's initialize a session on local system:
>>> import xal
>>> local_session = xal.LocalSession()
In this session, we can manage files:
>>> path = local_session.path('hello-xal.txt')
>>> path.exists()
False
>>> written = path.open('w').write(u'Hello world!')
>>> path.exists()
True
>>> print path.open().read()
Hello world!
>>> path.unlink()
>>> path.exists()
False
We can also execute sh commands:
>>> result = local_session.sh.run(u"echo 'Goodbye!'")
>>> print result.stdout
Goodbye!
<BLANKLINE>
Now let's make a function that does the same. It takes the session as input argument:
>>> def hello(session):
... path = session.path('hello-xal.txt')
... path.open('w').write(u"Hello world!")
... print path.open().read()
... path.unlink()
... print session.sh.run(u"echo 'Goodbye!'").stdout
Of course, we can run it in local session:
>>> hello(local_session)
Hello world!
Goodbye!
<BLANKLINE>
What's nice is that we can reuse the same function in another session. Let's create a remote SSH session using Fabric...
>>> remote_session = xal.FabricSession(host='localhost')
... then just run the same function with this remote session:
>>> hello(remote_session)
Hello world!
Goodbye!
<BLANKLINE>
Motivations
xal ideas are:
- Python users (including sysadmins and devops) have a consistent and unified API to write scripts that perform operations on system.
- such scripts are portable, i.e. they can be executed in various environments. Whatever the operating system, whatever the protocol to connect to and communicate with the system...
- Python community can share libraries that are compatible with tools such as Fabric, zc.buildout, Salt, Ansible...
- it is easier to switch from one tool to another: reconfigure the session, don't change the scripts. Develop scripts locally, test them remotely via Fabric, distribute them using Salt... or vice-versa.
Project's status
Today: xal is a proof-of-concept. It focuses on sample implementation of basic features such as managing files and directories, or executing sh commands. The idea is that, as a Python user, you can give it a try and, if you like it, use it for simple tasks.
Tomorrow, depending on feedback from community, xal may improve or be deprecated. As xal's author, I would like the following things to happen:
- increased stability and performances for current features.
- more execution contexts (i.e. sessions): Salt, Fabric as sudoer, ...
- more resources: users, system packages, ...
- better API, preferrably built as PEPs. Just as xal's proof of concept tries
to mimic
pathlib
, there could be a PEP related to every resource. Sh commands (a.k.a. replacement for subprocess) are an epic example.
As xal's author, I can't do it alone. If you'd like to help:
- provide feedback. Do you like xal? What do you dislike in xal? Your feedback matters!
- join the project on Github.
Ressources
- Documentation: https://xal.readthedocs.org
- PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/xal
- Code repository: https://github.com/benoitbryon/xal
- Bugtracker: https://github.com/benoitbryon/xal/issues
- Continuous integration: https://travis-ci.org/benoitbryon/xal