Blockchain & Cryptocurrency

A list of blockchain and cryptocurrency resources

babbage — ether’s denominations (10^3 wei)
BCH — Bitcoin Cash
BIP — Bitcoin Improvement Proposals
blockchain — a distributed p2p database (public or private) containing a list of validated blocks
BTC — Bitcoin
block — a group of transactions
Byzantine Generals Problem —
bitcoin — symbol ฿ or ₿

C

coinbase — field used as the sole input for coinbase transactions
coinbase transaction — the first transaction in a block, contains the reward for the miner, here the new bitcoin is created and added in the supply
cold storage — keeping a reserve of bitcoin offline private keys are created and stored in a secure offline environment
colored coins — using on-blockchain digital assets to represent custom currencies and financial instrument
consensus —

D

DAO — decentralized autonomous organizations
difficulty — how much computation is required to produce a proof of work
difficulty retargeting — network-wide recalculation of the difficulty, occurs once every 2.016 blocks
double spending — a problem that should be avoided, that is successfully spending some money more than once
DApps — decentralized applications that run on a P2P network of computers
DEX — decentralized cryptocurrency exchange
DeFi — Decentralized Finance

E

Ethereum — The Ethereum network
ether — the Ethereum currency (symbol Ξ)
ETH — the Ethereum currency
ERE — Ethereum Runtime Environment
EVM — Ethereum Virtual Machine
EVM Code — the bytecode that the EVM can natively execute
EVM Assembly — the human-readable form of EVM Code
EOA — Externally Owned Account
EIP — Ethereum Improvement Proposals
ECDSA — Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
ERC — Ethereum Request for Comments
EEH — Ethereum currency unit

F

Frontier — is the first live release of the Ethereum network
finney — ether’s denominations (10^15 wei)
fees — sender of a transaction often includes a fee to the network for processing the requested transaction
fungible token —

G

gas — a virtual currency used in Ethereum to constrain computation of smart contracts, the fundamental network cost unit
genesis block — the first block in the blockchain
Geth — an implementation of Ethereum written in the Go programming language
grand — ether’s denominations (10^21 wei)

H

Homestead — release of the Ethereum network (successor of Frontier)
hard fork — a permanent divergence in the blockchain
hardware wallet — special type of bitcoin wallet which stores the user’s private keys in a secure hardware device
hash — digital fingerprint of some binary input
HTLC — Hashed TimeLock Contract

I

J

K

Kovan — public Ethereum testnet

L

Lightning Networks —
lovelace — ether’s denominations (10^6 wei)

M

miner — network node that finds valid proof of work for new blocks
mempool — collection of all transaction data in a block that have been verified by bitcoin nodes but not yet confirmed
message — internal transaction that is never serialized and only sent within the EVM
Morden — public Ethereum testnet
merkle root —
merkle tree —
multisignature —

N

non fungible token —

O

orphans — blocks that do not have a known parent in the knows chain

P

Parity — an implementation of Ethereum written in the Rust programming language
Proof-of-Stake — asks users to prove ownership of a certain amount of cryptocurrency
Proof-of-Work —
P2PKH — Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash
P2WPKH — Pay-to-Witness-Public-Key-Hash

Q

R

Ropsten — public Ethereum testnet
Rinkeby — public Ethereum testnet
RLP — Recursive Length Prefix, encoding scheme in Ethereum

S

Satoshi Nakamoto — name used by the person or people who designed Bitcoin and created its original reference implementation
satoshi — the smallest unit of the bitcoin cryptocurrency (1 BTC = 100,000,000 satoshis)
Serpent — programming language with syntax similar to Python
Solidity — programming language with syntax that is similar to Javascript, C++ or Java, most frequently used language for Ethereum smart contracts
SVP — Simplified Payment Verification
smart property — the ownership of an underlying physical device
smart contracts — complex applications involving having digital assets being directly controlled by a piece of code implementing arbitrary rules, more precisely a computer program that, given certain conditions, can enforce the execution of a set of instructions without third party interference
shannon — ether’s denominations (10^9 wei)
szabo — ether’s denominations (10^12 wei)
Segregated Witness — a proposed upgrade to the Bitcoin protocol which technological innovation separates signature data from bitcoin transactions
soft fork —

T

Turing completeness — a program language is that can run any program that a Turing machine can run
token —

U

UTXO — Unspent Transaction Output

V

Viper — high-level programming language, similar to Serpent and with Python-like syntax

W

wallet — software that holds all your secret keys
WIF — Wallet Import Format
wei — smallest unit possible in Ethereum (1 quintillion = 10^18 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000)

X

Y

Z

Papers

Books

Mastering Bitcoin — Andreas M. Antonopoulos (2nd edition, 2017, git repo)
Mastering Ethereum — Andreas M. Antonopoulos, Gavin Wood (1nd edition, 2018, git repo)
Digital Gold — Nathaniel Popper (2016)
The Age of Cryptocurrency — Michael J. Casey, Paul Vigna (2016)
Blockchain Revolution — Don Tapscott, Alex Tapscott (2016)
Cryptoassets — Chris Burniske, Jack Tatar (2017)

Courses

Bitcoin — Khan Academy
Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies — Arvind Narayanan, Princeton University
CS 251: Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies — Standford University

alexprut / Blockchain-Cryptocurrency

Blockchain & Cryptocurrency

Table of Contents

Mindmap

Jargon

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

Papers

Books

Courses

Documentaries

News

Exchanges

Explorers

Other

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