pg_schedule

Provides a cron-formatted 'schedule' type for postgresql

WARNING: All calculations are done internally in UTC so a schedule like 0 0 * * * will match every midnight on UTC which might not be what you want, eg: you wont be able to (easily) match the same time every day on localtime across DST changes.

However, this behaviour is usually what you want for sensor readings, meteorological predictions, etc..

Install

Nixos

Clone this repo to /this/repo

Add to /etc/configuration.nix:

  services.postgresql = {
    enable = true;
    ... other config
    extraPlugins = [
      (import /this/repo/release.nix { postgresql = pkgs.postgresql95; }).pg_schedule
          
    ];
  };

Ubuntu

TBD

Functions

schedule_contains

schedule_contains(schedule, timestamptz) RETURNS bool

Wether a timestamptz belongs to a schedule.

schedule_next

schedule_next(schedule, timestamptz) RETURNS timestamptz

Returns the next strictly greater-than timestamp from a schedule.

schedule_previous

schedule_previous(schedule, timestamptz) RETURNS timestamptz

Returns the next strictly lesser-than timestamp from a schedule.

schedule_floor

schedule_floor(schedule, timestamptz) RETURNS timestamptz

Returns the next lesser-than-or-equal timestamp from a schedule.

schedule_ceiling

schedule_ceiling(schedule, timestamptz) RETURNS timestamptz

Returns the next greater-than-or-equal timestamp from a schedule.

schedule_series

schedule_series(schedule, timestamptz, timestamptz) RETURNS SETOF timestamptz

Generates the set of timestamps belonging to a schedule between two timestamps.

Examples

Runtime, horizon and times from the last 24 hours

SELECT                                                                                                                                                                                         
  run_time,
  horizon,
  run_time + ('1 hour'::interval * horizon) AS time
FROM 
  schedule_series('0 */6 * * *', (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP - '1 days'::interval), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) run_time,
  generate_series(0, 6) horizon;
        run_time        | horizon |          time          
------------------------+---------+------------------------
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       0 | 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       1 | 2017-04-09 13:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-09 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       3 | 2017-04-09 15:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       4 | 2017-04-09 16:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       5 | 2017-04-09 17:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |       6 | 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       0 | 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       1 | 2017-04-09 19:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-09 20:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       3 | 2017-04-09 21:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       4 | 2017-04-09 22:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       5 | 2017-04-09 23:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |       6 | 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       0 | 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       1 | 2017-04-10 01:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-10 02:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       3 | 2017-04-10 03:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       4 | 2017-04-10 04:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       5 | 2017-04-10 05:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |       6 | 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       0 | 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       1 | 2017-04-10 07:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-10 08:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       3 | 2017-04-10 09:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       4 | 2017-04-10 10:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       5 | 2017-04-10 11:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       6 | 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       0 | 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       1 | 2017-04-10 13:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       3 | 2017-04-10 15:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       4 | 2017-04-10 16:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       5 | 2017-04-10 17:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       6 | 2017-04-10 18:00:00+00
(35 rows)

Time: 0.373 ms

Best choices for a (run_time, horizon) that covers current time

SELECT
  run_time,
  horizon,
  run_time + ('1 hour'::interval * horizon) AS time
FROM 
  schedule_series('0 */6 * * *', (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP - '3 days'::interval), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) run_time,
  generate_series(0, 36) horizon
WHERE run_time + ('1 hour'::interval * horizon) = schedule_floor('0 * * * *', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
ORDER BY horizon ASC;
        run_time        | horizon |          time          
------------------------+---------+------------------------
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       8 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |      14 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |      20 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |      26 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 06:00:00+00 |      32 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
(6 rows)

Time: 7.524 ms

The above query can be slow since the query planner apparently can't figure out schedule_floor(current_timestamp) is constant for the duration of the transaction and re-computes it for every row. It can be optimized as:

WITH closest_time AS (SELECT schedule_floor('0 * * * *', current_timestamp))
SELECT
  run_time,
  horizon,
  run_time + ('1 hour'::interval * horizon) AS time
FROM 
  schedule_series('0 */6 * * *', (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP - '3 days'::interval), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) run_time,
  generate_series(0, 36) horizon
WHERE run_time + ('1 hour'::interval * horizon) = (SELECT * FROM closest_time)
ORDER BY horizon ASC;
        run_time        | horizon |          time          
------------------------+---------+------------------------
 2017-04-10 12:00:00+00 |       2 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 06:00:00+00 |       8 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-10 00:00:00+00 |      14 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 18:00:00+00 |      20 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 12:00:00+00 |      26 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
 2017-04-09 06:00:00+00 |      32 | 2017-04-10 14:00:00+00
(6 rows)

Time: 0.597 ms

albertov / pg_schedule