Functionality of designing a search query based autocomplete system - for search engines.
-> The users will input a sentence (which may have multiple words and ends with special character '#').
-> For each character if the user type except '#', we would need to return the top 3 previously entered and most frequently queried sentences that have prefix the same as the part of sentence already typed.
-> The frequency for a sentence is defined as the number of times a user typed the exactly same sentence before.
-> The returned top 3 sentences should be sorted by frequency (The first is the most frequent). If several sentences have the same frequency, we will use ASCII-code lexicographical order (smaller one appears first).
-> If less than 3 valid sentences exist, then we will just return as many as we can.
-> When the input is a special character, it means the sentence ends, and in this case, we will return an empty list.
-> AutoCompleteSystem Methods: Constructor of main class, the input is previously used data. Sentences will be a string array consists of previously typed sentences. Times will be the corresponding times a sentence has been typed. Our system should record these historical sentences.
-> Input: The input c is the next character typed by the user. The character will only be lower-case letters ('a' to 'z'), blank space (' ') or a special character ('#'). Also, the previously typed sentence should be recorded in our system. The output an array will be the top 3 historical sentences that have prefix the same as the part of sentence already typed.
Operation: AutoCompleteSystem(["i love icecream", "island", "ironman", "i love football"], [5,3,2,2])
The system have already tracked down the following sentences and their corresponding times: "i love icecream" : 5 times "island" : 3 times "ironman" : 2 times "i love football" : 2 times
Now, the user begins another search:
Operation: input('i') Output: ["i love icecream", "island","i love football"]
Explanation: There are four sentences that have prefix "i". Among them, "ironman" and "i love football" have same frequency. Since ' ' has ASCII code 32 and 'r' has ASCII code 114, "i love football" should be in front of "ironman". Also we only need to output top 3 most frequent sentences, so "ironman" will be ignored.
Operation: input(' ') Output: ["i love icecream","i love football"] Explanation: There are only two sentences that have prefix "i ".
Operation: input('a') Output: [] Explanation: There are no sentences that have prefix "i a"
Operation: input('#') Output: [] Explanation: The user finished the input, the sentence "i a" should be saved as a historical sentence in system. And the next input will be counted as a new search.
-> O(n*max|L|), per input query where n represents the number of historical sentences in the system and L is the maximum length of the words.
-> Strings, Tries, DSA, System Design