https://vrindavansanap.github.io/2d-Collision
Collisions are a fundamental concept in physics, where two objects interact over a short period of time. Here, we'll explore the differences between collisions in one dimension (1D) and two dimensions (2D), assuming objects with equal mass.
1D Collisions
Imagine two objects moving on a straight line. In a 1D collision, the objects' motion is entirely described by their speed along this line. Here's the key takeaway:
- Swapping Velocities: After a 1D collision, the objects simply swap their velocities. The faster object slows down to the speed of the slower object before the collision, and vice versa.
2D Collisions
Now, consider objects moving in a plane (imagine a pool table). A 2D collision introduces a new aspect: direction. Here's how the components of velocity are affected:
- Tangential Component: This is the velocity component along the line tangent (touching) the point of collision. In a 2D collision, the tangential components of the objects' velocities remain unchanged.
- Normal Component: This is the velocity component perpendicular to the point of collision, like the direction a ball bounces off a wall. In a 2D collision, the normal components of the objects' velocities swap signs, similar to a 1D collision.
Think of it this way: the tangential component represents how the objects were moving "sideways" relative to the collision point, and this isn't affected by the direct impact. The normal component, however, reflects the head-on interaction, causing them to bounce off each other and reverse their direction in that plane.
By analyzing both components after a 2D collision, we can determine the final directions and speeds of the objects.