We present two benchmark problems for the time-harmonic elastic wave equation in 2D and 3D. The aim of this repository is to make the test cases considered in Section 5 of Baumann et al., 2017 publicly available.
We consider the elastic wave equation in a frequency-domain formulation,
where the unknown u is the displacement vector at the k-th frequency. The code we present allows an inhomogeneous medium, and implements a stress-free material-air boundary condition in the north, and first-order Sommerfeld radiation boundary conditions elsewhere.
A finite-element discretization is described in all detail in Section 2 of Baumann et al., 2016. The discrete problem yields,
In contrast to the work in our publication, the resulting linear systems are here solved sequentially (over k) using python's sparse solver scipy.sparse.linalg.spsolve without preconditioning. For large problems, we recommend to set the flag storing=True which stores the discretization matrices K,C,M in a folder /matrix_io and does not solve the resulting linear system. The matrices are then stored in matrix market format, with a MATLAB interface matrix_io/matlab_io.m provided.
The above spy plots can be obtained by setting spy=True. The left plot resembles a problem of ndims=2 and finite element degree=2. The right plot belongs to a problems of ndims=3and degree=1.
We define a new elastic wedge problem consisitng of three layers with varying physical parameters given in a computational domain [0,600]x[0,1000] meters. The parameters are given in the following table, and Lame parameters are computed accordingly.
| parameter | layer #1 | layer #2 | layer #3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| rho [kg/m^3] | 1800 | 2100 | 1950 |
| c_p [m/s] | 2000 | 3000 | 2300 |
| c_s [m/s] | 800 | 1600 | 1100 |
The python script elast_wedge.py with the following parameters,
python3 elast_wedge.py --ndims=2 --freq=[16.0] --dx=2.5 --dz=2.5 --plots=True --nprocs=4
yields the numerical results:
We extend the 2D wedge problem to 3D by expending all parameters in y-direction. A 3D discretization can be obtained by setting the flag ndims=3 and by specifying dy.
python3 elast_wedge.py --ndims=3 --freq=[4.0] --dx=10.0 --dy=10.0 --dz=10.0 --storing=True --nprocs=4
In the folder /data the data set of the Marmousi-II problem is stored in segy format. We consider the following subset of the problem:
Solving the Marmousi-II at freq=6 Hertz can be done via:
python3 marmousi2.py --freq=[6.0] --n_course=4 --nprocs=4
Here, we use every fourth grid point of the original problem in each spatial direction which yields dx=dz=5.0. The source is located at (Lx/3,0).
This code is purely written in python3 using standard numerical libraries such as NumPy and SciPy. For the finite element discretization we use nutils.
The following installation steps are necessary:
- Clone this repository:
git clone https://github.com/ManuelMBaumann/elastic_benchmarks.git - Install nutils via
pip install git+https://github.com/joostvanzwieten/nutils@955bc67d219496e26b037f47855709a222850d7c - Run your first, low-frequency, 2D test case
python3 elast_wedge.py --ndims=2 --dx=10.0 --dz=10.0 --freq=[4.0] --nprocs=4, and view your results withfirefox ~/public_html/elast_wedge.py/latest/log.html.
For the Marmousi-II problem, two additional steps are required:
- Download the Marmousi-II data set using the provided script
download_marmousi2.sh[~ 450 Mb]. - Install obspy via
pip install obspy. In particular, we use the segy readerobspy.io.segy.core._read_segyfor loading the data sets. Obspy requires libxml2 and libxslt.
A more detailed description on the installation of nutils can be found in this document.
Note: All plots will be saved as .png in a folder ~/public_html/elast_wedge.py/latest/. In the same folder, a file log.html contains information about the program evaluation and embeds all figures.
The author is a PhD student in Numerical Analysis at TU Delft. My research is focused on linear solvers and preconditioning. I highly encourage experts in geophysics to comment on the numerical results and to get in touch.
- M. Baumann, R. Astudillo, Y. Qiu, E.Y.M. Ang, M.B. Van Gijzen, and R-E. Plessix (2017). A Preconditioned Matrix Equation Approach for the Time-Harmonic Elastic Wave Equation at Multiple Frequencies. Springer Computat. Geosci., DOI:10.1007/s10596-017-9667-7
- M. Baumann and M.B. Van Gijzen (2015). Nested Krylov methods for shifted linear systems. SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 37(5), S90-S112.