TheUnrealZaka / podman-wordpress-mysql

El manual infernal del Podman, para instalar el Wordpress y el MySQL

Manual to install WordPress with MySQL using a Fedora image

Index

1. Introduction
2. Prepare the System and Download the Base Image
3. Creation of the Containerfile and Image Building
4. Execution and Configuration of the Pods

1. Introduction

Podman is a container management tool that allows the development and deployment of containers without the need for a central daemon. This final practice aims to deepen the concepts of containers through the creation, management, and deployment of application containers using Podman.

2. Prepare the System and Download the Base Image

Podman Installation

On Fedora, Podman can be installed using the following command:

sudo dnf install -y podman

Verify the installation:

podman --version

Download the base image of Fedora

podman pull fedora

3. Creation of the Containerfile and Image Building

We will create two directories as we will need to have two Containerfiles in different locations.

mkdir WordPress
mkdir MySQL

We will create the Containerfile for WordPress:

nano WordPress/Containerfile

Inside we will add the following content:

FROM fedora:latest 

# Install Apache, PHP and other necessary packages for WordPress
RUN dnf -y update && dnf -y install httpd php php-mysqlnd php-xml php-json php-gd php-mbstring php-fpm unzip wget 

# Prepare the directory for the PHP-FPM socket
RUN mkdir -p /run/php-fpm && chown -R apache:apache /run/php-fpm 

# Download and install WordPress
RUN wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz -P /var/www/html/ && \
    tar -xvzf /var/www/html/latest.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/ && \
    rm /var/www/html/latest.tar.gz && mv /var/www/html/wordpress/* /var/www/html/

# Copy custom PHP configuration file
COPY wp-config.php /var/www/html/ 

# Copy PHP configuration 

COPY php.ini /etc/php.ini 

# Open port 80
EXPOSE 80 

# Configure and start Apache and PHP-FPM, ensuring socket permissions
CMD ["sh", "-c", "php-fpm && chown apache:apache /run/php-fpm/www.sock && chmod 660 /run/php-fpm/www.sock && /usr/sbin/httpd -D FOREGROUND"]

We will create the config.php file, it is important to create it inside the WordPress folder:

nano WordPress/wp-config.php

And we copy the following content:

<?php
/**
* The base configuration for WordPress
*
* The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the installation.
* You don't have to use the website, you can copy this file to "wp-config.php"
* and fill in the values.
*
* This file contains the following configurations:
*
* * Database settings
* * Secret keys
* * Database table prefix
* * ABSPATH
*
* @link https://wordpress.org/documentation/article/editing-wp-config-php/
*
* @package WordPress
*/ 

// ** Database settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define( 'DB_NAME', 'wordpress' ); 

/** Database username */
define( 'DB_USER', 'root' ); 

/** Database password */
define( 'DB_PASSWORD', 'root' ); 

/** Database hostname */
define( 'DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1' ); 

/** Database charset to use in creating database tables. */
define( 'DB_CHARSET', 'utf8' ); 

/** The database collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define( 'DB_COLLATE', '' ); 

/**#@+
* Authentication unique keys and salts.
*
* Change these to different unique phrases! You can generate these using
* the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}.
*
* You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies.
* This will force all users to have to log in again.
*
* @since 2.6.0
*/ 

define( 'AUTH_KEY',         '' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  '' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY',    '' );
define( 'NONCE_KEY',        '' );
define( 'AUTH_SALT',        '' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT',   '' );
define( 'NONCE_SALT',       '' ); 

/**#@-*/ 

/**
* WordPress database table prefix.
*
* You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
* a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
*/
$table_prefix = 'wp_'; 

/**
* For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
*
* Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
* It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
* in their development environments.
*
* For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
* visit the documentation.
*
* @link https://wordpress.org/documentation/article/debugging-in-wordpress/
*/
define( 'WP_DEBUG', false ); 

/* Add any custom values between this line and the "stop editing" line. */



/* That's all, stop editing! Happy publishing. */ 

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
define( 'ABSPATH', __DIR__ . '/' );
} 

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php';

Also we will create a config for PHP:

nano WordPress/php.ini

And we copy the following content:

Maximize the memory limit for PHP scripts
memory_limit = 256M
; Increase the maximum size of uploaded files
upload_max_filesize = 64M
; Increase the maximum size of POST data that PHP will accept
post_max_size = 64M
; Ensure that cookies are used for the session instead of passing the session ID in the URL
session.use_cookies = 1
session.use_only_cookies = 1
; Set the error handler to display less information in production
display_errors = Off
log_errors = On
error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT
Set default timezone used by all date/time functions
date.timezone = "Europe/Madrid" ; Increase the maximum time for the date to "Europe/Madrid".
; Increase the maximum execution time of PHP scripts
max_execution_time = 300
; Specific settings to improve security
expose_php = Off

We will do the same for MySQL

nano MySQL/Containerfile

Containerfile for MySQL:

# Use the base image of Ubuntu
FROM fedora:latest 

# Install MySQL
RUN dnf update && \
    dnf install -y mysql-server 

# Prepare the data directory
RUN mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/ && \
    chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ 

# Copy the initialization script
COPY init-mysql.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/init-mysql.sh 

# Expose port 3306
EXPOSE 3306 

# Set the initialization script as the default command
CMD ["init-mysql.sh"]

We should create the script, important to create it inside the MySQL folder

nano MySQL/init-mysql.sh

And we copy the following content

#!/bin/bash
# Initialize the database if the directory is empty
if [ -z "$(ls -A /var/lib/mysql)" ]; then
    echo "Initializing the database..."
    mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/
    echo "Database initialized."
fi 

# Start the MySQL server
echo "Starting MySQL..."
exec mysqld --datadir='/var/lib/mysql/' --user=mysql

Building the images:

First, we will build the WordPress image with the name mywordpress:

podman build -t mywordpress ./WordPress

Then the same with MySQL:

podman build -t mymysql ./MySQL

4. Execution and Configuration of the Pods

Creation of the pod and execution of the containers:

podman pod create --name mypod -p 8080:80 -p 33060:3306
podman run --pod mypod -it --name mywordpress -d mywordpress
podman run --pod mypod -it --privileged --name mymysql -d mymysql

First, we will enter the MySQL container:

podman exec -it mymysql /bin/bash

Once inside, we will execute the following command to obtain the temporary password that MySQL uses:

grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysql/error.log 

Once we have this password, we will enter MySQL using the following command:

mysql -u root -p

Inside MySQL, we will execute the following commands:

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root'; 

CREATE DATABASE wordpress; 

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

exit

exit

After configuring MySQL, we will exit the container and execute the following command:

podman commit mymysql myfinalmysql

After that, we will restart the WordPress container to fix the database connection:

podman restart mywordpress

Finally, we will commit:

podman commit mywordpress myfinalwordpress

Now we will enter the browser and enter this URL: http://localhost:8080 to enter WordPress, where we must complete the installation.

For any problems you can have with the steps, you can contact me on Discord or write an email to: [e-mail]

Made with ❤ by TheUnrealZaka