Strings are stored as 32-bit signed integers pointing into the string table.
Most tables do not use any padding. Whether table uses or doesn't use padding is hard-coded in KCD source. KCD data can only tell you that there is some padding somewhere, but not where. To see whether table uses padding, compare table description in XML file with line size in TBL file.
Example Type - ...\Data\Libs\Tables\rpg\poi_type.tbl
Column
Type
Width
poi_type_id
Guid
128 bit
mark_type
Int
32 bit
label
String
*
discovery_msg
String
*
discovery_dist
Float
32 bit
compass_mark_type_id
Int
32 bit
associated_codex_perk_id
Guid
128 bit
discovery_msg_mode
Int
32 bit
discoverable_by_location
Bool
8 bit
ui_order
Int
32 bit
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Tools and utilities for content creation in Kingdom Come Deliverance