A webserv written in C++
- RFC0 -> Message syntax and routing
- RFC1 -> Semantics and Content
- RFC2 -> Conditional request
- RFC3 -> Range requests
- RFC4 -> Caching
- RFC5 -> Authentication
Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is an interface specification for web servers to execute programs like console applications (also called command-line interface programs) running on a server that generates web pages dynamically. Such programs are known as CGI scripts or simply as CGIs.
To launch a cgi we need some env variables: (Documentation)
| ENV | Description |
|---|---|
| AUTH_TYPE | Identification type, if applicable |
| CONTENT_LENGTH | similarly, size of input data (decimal, in octets) if provided via HTTP header |
| CONTENT_TYPE | Internet media type of input data if PUT or POST method are used, as provided via HTTP header |
| GATEWAY_INTERFACE | CGI/version |
| PATH_INFO | path suffix, if appended to URL after program name and a slash |
| PATH_TRANSLATED | corresponding full path as supposed by server, if PATH_INFO is present |
| QUERY_STRING | The query string |
| REMOTE_ADDR | The IP address of the visitor |
| REMOTE_IDENT | see ident, only if server performed such lookup. |
| REMOTE_USER | The visitor's username (for .htaccess-protected pages) (user/password) |
| REQUEST_METHOD | GET or POST |
| REQUEST_URI | The interpreted pathname of the requested document or CGI (relative to the document root) |
| SCRIPT_NAME | The interpreted pathname of the current CGI (relative to the document root) |
| SERVER_NAME | Your server's fully qualified domain name (e.g. www.cgi101.com) |
| SERVER_PORT | The port number your server is listening on |
| SERVER_PROTOCOL | Nom et version du protocole utilisé pour envoyer la requête au script CGI |
| SERVER_SOFTWARE | The server software you're using (e.g. Apache 1.3) |
Les headers de la request sont aussi a mettre en variables environement.
Une fois tout ca set, il faut utiliser fork avec execve et lancer le cgi qui est relatif a l'extension du fichier indique dans la requete. Par exemple, test.php doit lancer php-cgi. Note : c'est le user qui défine quelle cgi est appliqué sur quels extensions/ensemble de fichier grâce au systeme de location déjà implémenté. Example of how a cgi could be written in C : http://jkorpela.fi/forms/cgic.html
La doc qui explique comment Nginx proces une request avec et sans CGI.
Mozilla explaining how authentication works on a webserver. (WWW-Authenticate and Authorization headers)