RichMorin / floki

Floki is a simple HTML parser that enables search for nodes using CSS selectors.

Home Page:https://hex.pm/packages/floki

Geek Repo:Geek Repo

Github PK Tool:Github PK Tool

Actions Status Floki version Hex.pm Inline docs SourceLevel

Floki logo

Floki is a simple HTML parser that enables search for nodes using CSS selectors.

Check the documentation.

Usage

Take this HTML as an example:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<body>
  <section id="content">
    <p class="headline">Floki</p>
    <span class="headline">Enables search using CSS selectors</span>
    <a href="https://github.com/philss/floki">Github page</a>
    <span data-model="user">philss</span>
  </section>
  <a href="https://hex.pm/packages/floki">Hex package</a>
</body>
</html>

Here are some queries that you can perform (with return examples):

{:ok, document} = Floki.parse_document(html)

Floki.find(document, "p.headline")
# => [{"p", [{"class", "headline"}], ["Floki"]}]

document
|> Floki.find("p.headline")
|> Floki.raw_html
# => <p class="headline">Floki</p>

Each HTML node is represented by a tuple like:

{tag_name, attributes, children_nodes}

Example of node:

{"p", [{"class", "headline"}], ["Floki"]}

So even if the only child node is the element text, it is represented inside a list.

Installation

Add Floki to your mix.exs:

defp deps do
  [
    {:floki, "~> 0.25.0"}
  ]
end

After that, run mix deps.get.

Dependencies

Floki needs the leex module in order to compile. Normally this module is installed with Erlang in a complete installation.

If you get this kind of error, you need to install the erlang-dev and erlang-parsetools packages in order get the leex module. The packages names may be different depending on your OS.

Alternative HTML parsers

By default Floki uses a patched version of mochiweb_html for parsing fragments due to it's ease of installation (it's written in Erlang and has no outside dependencies).

However one might want to use an alternative parser due to the following concerns:

Floki supports the following alternative parsers:

  • fast_html - A wrapper for lexborisov's myhtml. A pure C HTML parser.
  • html5ever - A wrapper for html5ever written in Rust, developed as a part of the Servo project.

fast_html is generally faster, according to the benchmarks conducted by it's developers. Though html5ever does have an advantage on really small (~4kb) fragments due to it being implemented as a NIF.

Using html5ever as the HTML parser

Rust needs to be installed on the system in order to compile html5ever. To do that, please follow the instruction presented in the official page.

After Rust is set up, you need to add html5ever NIF to your dependency list:

defp deps do
  [
    {:floki, "~> 0.25.0"},
    {:html5ever, "~> 0.7.0"}
  ]
end

Run mix deps.get and compiles the project with mix compile to make sure it works.

Then you need to configure your app to use html5ever:

# in config/config.exs

config :floki, :html_parser, Floki.HTMLParser.Html5ever

For more info, check the article Rustler - Safe Erlang and Elixir NIFs in Rust.

Using fast_html as the HTML parser

A C compiler and GNU\Make needs to be installed on the system in order to compile myhtml. It's likely that your machine has them already.

Note that you also need to have epmd started/available to start due to fast_html relying on a C-Node worker, usually it will be started automatically, but some distributions (i.e Gentoo Linux) enforce only being able to start it as a service.

First, add fast_html to your dependencies:

defp deps do
  [
    {:floki, "~> 0.25.0"},
    {:fast_html, "~> 1.0"}
  ]
end

Run mix deps.get and compiles the project with mix compile to make sure it works.

Then you need to configure your app to use fast_html:

# in config/config.exs

config :floki, :html_parser, Floki.HTMLParser.FastHtml

More about Floki API

To parse a HTML document, try:

html = """
  <html>
  <body>
    <div class="example"></div>
  </body>
  </html>
"""

{:ok, document} = Floki.parse_document(html)
# => {:ok, [{"html", [], [{"body", [], [{"div", [{"class", "example"}], []}]}]}]}

To find elements with the class example, try:

Floki.find(document, ".example")
# => [{"div", [{"class", "example"}], []}]

To convert your node tree back to raw HTML (spaces are ignored):

document
|> Floki.find(".example")
|> Floki.raw_html
# =>  <div class="example"></div>

To fetch some attribute from elements, try:

Floki.attribute(document, ".example", "class")
# => ["example"]

You can get attributes from elements that you already have:

document
|> Floki.find(".example")
|> Floki.attribute("class")
# => ["example"]

If you want to get the text from an element, try:

document
|> Floki.find(".headline")
|> Floki.text

# => "Floki"

Supported selectors

Here you find all the CSS selectors supported in the current version:

Pattern Description
* any element
E an element of type E
E[foo] an E element with a "foo" attribute
E[foo="bar"] an E element whose "foo" attribute value is exactly equal to "bar"
E[foo~="bar"] an E element whose "foo" attribute value is a list of whitespace-separated values, one of which is exactly equal to "bar"
E[foo^="bar"] an E element whose "foo" attribute value begins exactly with the string "bar"
E[foo$="bar"] an E element whose "foo" attribute value ends exactly with the string "bar"
E[foo*="bar"] an E element whose "foo" attribute value contains the substring "bar"
E[foo|="en"] an E element whose "foo" attribute has a hyphen-separated list of values beginning (from the left) with "en"
E:nth-child(n) an E element, the n-th child of its parent
E:first-child an E element, first child of its parent
E:last-child an E element, last child of its parent
E:nth-of-type(n) an E element, the n-th child of its type among its siblings
E:first-of-type an E element, first child of its type among its siblings
E:last-of-type an E element, last child of its type among its siblings
E.warning an E element whose class is "warning"
E#myid an E element with ID equal to "myid"
E:not(s) an E element that does not match simple selector s
E F an F element descendant of an E element
E > F an F element child of an E element
E + F an F element immediately preceded by an E element
E ~ F an F element preceded by an E element

There are also some selectors based on non-standard specifications. They are:

Pattern Description
E:fl-contains('foo') an E element that contains "foo" inside a text node

Special thanks

License

Floki is under MIT license. Check the LICENSE file for more details.

About

Floki is a simple HTML parser that enables search for nodes using CSS selectors.

https://hex.pm/packages/floki

License:MIT License


Languages

Language:Elixir 81.2%Language:Erlang 18.8%