This cheatsheet provides a quick reference for various MySQL commands and syntax for performing database operations.
- Browsing
- Select
- Select - Join
- Conditions
- Create / Open / Delete Database
- Backup Database to SQL File
- Restore from Backup SQL File
- Repair Tables After Unclean Shutdown
- Insert
- Delete
- Update
- Create / Delete / Modify Table
- Keys
- Users and Privileges
- Main Data Types
- Reset Root Password
SHOW DATABASES;
SHOW TABLES;
SHOW FIELDS FROM table / DESCRIBE table;
SHOW CREATE TABLE table;
SHOW PROCESSLIST;
KILL process_number;
SELECT * FROM table;
SELECT * FROM table1, table2;
SELECT field1, field2 FROM table1, table2;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition GROUP BY field;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition GROUP BY field HAVING condition2;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition ORDER BY field1, field2;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition ORDER BY field1, field2 DESC;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition LIMIT 10;
SELECT DISTINCT field1 FROM ...
SELECT DISTINCT field1, field2 FROM ...
SELECT ... FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.id1 = t2.id2 WHERE condition;
SELECT ... FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id1 = t2.id2 WHERE condition;
SELECT ... FROM t1 JOIN (t2 JOIN t3 ON ...) ON ...
field1 = value1
field1 <> value1
field1 LIKE 'value _ %'
field1 IS NULL
field1 IS NOT NULL
field1 IS IN (value1, value2)
field1 IS NOT IN (value1, value2)
condition1 AND condition2
condition1 OR condition2
CREATE DATABASE DatabaseName;
CREATE DATABASE DatabaseName CHARACTER SET utf8;
USE DatabaseName;
DROP DATABASE DatabaseName;
ALTER DATABASE DatabaseName CHARACTER SET utf8;
mysqldump -u Username -p dbNameYouWant > databasename_backup.sql
mysql -u Username -p dbNameYouWant < databasename_backup.sql;
mysqlcheck --all-databases;
mysqlcheck --all-databases --fast;
INSERT INTO table1 (field1, field2) VALUES (value1, value2);
DELETE FROM table1 / TRUNCATE table1
DELETE FROM table1 WHERE condition
DELETE FROM table1, table2 WHERE table1.id1 = table2.id2 AND condition
UPDATE table1 SET field1=new_value1 WHERE condition;
UPDATE table1, table2 SET field1=new_value1, field2=new_value2, ... WHERE table1.id1 = table2.id2 AND condition;
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2);
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2, INDEX (field));
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2, PRIMARY KEY (field1));
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2, PRIMARY KEY (field1,field2));
CREATE TABLE table1 (fk_field1 type1, field2 type2, ..., FOREIGN KEY (fk_field1) REFERENCES table2 (t2_fieldA)) [ON UPDATE|ON DELETE] [CASCADE|SET NULL]
CREATE TABLE table1 (fk_field1 type1, fk_field2 type2, ..., FOREIGN KEY (fk_field1, fk_field2) REFERENCES table2 (t2_fieldA, t2_fieldB))
CREATE TABLE table IF NOT EXISTS;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE table;
DROP TABLE table;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table;
DROP TABLE table1, table2, ...
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1 NOT NULL ...
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1 NOT NULL ...
ALTER TABLE table ALTER field1 SET DEFAULT ...
ALTER TABLE table ALTER field1 DROP DEFAULT
ALTER TABLE table ADD new_name_field1 type1
ALTER TABLE table ADD new_name_field1 type1 FIRST
ALTER TABLE table ADD new_name_field1 type1 AFTER another_field
ALTER TABLE table DROP field1
ALTER TABLE table ADD INDEX (field);
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1 FIRST
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1 AFTER another_field
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1 FIRST
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1 AFTER another_field
CREATE TABLE table (..., PRIMARY KEY (field1, field2))
CREATE TABLE table (..., FOREIGN KEY (field1, field2) REFERENCES table2 (t2_field1, t2_field2))
CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON base.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON base.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON base.* FROM 'user'@'host'; -- one permission only
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION FROM 'user'@'host'; -- all permissions
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
- `SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('new_pass