Ontology in support of additive manufacturing for maintenance operations developed as part of the America Makes Additive With Knowledge project by SimbaChain and the Notre Dame Center for Research Computing, Laboratory for Assured AI Applications Development (LA3D).
This ontology is developed using a FAIR methodology follows "Best Practices for Implementing FAIR Vocabularies and Ontologies on the Web", "Ten simple rules for making a vocabulary FAIR", and FAIRsFAIR "D2.5 FAIR Semantics Recommendations Second Iteration". We have adopted the use of Permanent Identifiers for the Web w3id as recommended by the best practices documents.
Ontology is modeled using RDFS-Plus level of automatization with W3C RDFS Schema and selected W3C OWL 2 Constructs. Additionally, to facilitate alignment and adoption using schema.org level base vocabularies as outlined in the schema.org developer documentation. This ontology is developed using Modular Ontology Modeling Methodology using Ontology Design Patterns connected to form modules that build the larger ontology. Shape Constraints using W3C Shapes Constraint Language are also provided for graph shape validation as discussed in the SHACL and OWL document. Alignments are modeled similarly to the RealEstateCore ontology that has created modular alignments that form the basis for adoption in Azure Digital Twins and cross linking to Industry Standard Ontologies in a Knowledge Graph.
Development of AMMO uses Github Actions to perform CI/CD of the ontology. It runs a SHACL test suite against sample knowledge graph fragments using pyshacl and the sharness Test Anything Protocol. Results can be reviewed in the actions page of the AMMO Github repository.
This ontology uses w3id.org persistent identifiers for namespaces. The rules for dereferencing the ontology using content-negotiation can be found in the doc/w3id subdirectory.
| Prefix | URI | Description |
|---|---|---|
| @prefix ammo | https://w3id.org/ammo/ont/ | Ammo Core Ontology |
| @prefix ammosh | https://w3id.org/ammo/shapes/shacl/ | Ammo Ontology Metadata |
| Prefix | URI | Description |
|---|---|---|
| @prefix prov | http://www.w3.org/ns/prov# | W3C Provenance Ontology |
| @prefix sio | http://semanticscience.org/resource/ | Semantic Science Integrated Ontology |
| @prefix sdo | https://schema.org/ | Schema.org |
| @prefix skos | http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# | W3C Simple Knowledge Organization System |
| @prefix time | http://www.w3.org/2006/time# | W3C Owl Time |
| @prefix qudt | http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/ | Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Time Ontology |
| @prefix geosparql | http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql | OGC Geosparql Spatial Ontology |
| @prefix dcterms | http://purl.org/dc/terms/ | Dublin Core Terms |
| @prefix vann | http://purl.org/vocab/vann/ | Vocabulary for annotating vocabulary terms |
| @prefix cpannotationschema | http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/schemas/cpannotationschema.owl# | ODP annotations |
| @prefix gs1 | http://gs1.org/voc/ | GS1 Web Vocabulary |
The latest version of the full ontology can be found at https://w3id.org/ammo/ont/ and specific release versions can be found at https://w3id.org/ammo/ont/{version number}/, for example https://w3id.org/ammo/ont/0.1.0.
Please use this GitHub repository's Issue tracker to request new terms/classes or report errors or specific concerns related to the ontology.
Charles Vardeman
Research Assistant Professor
Center for Research Computing, University of Notre Dame
cvardema@nd.edu
Github: charlesvardeman
ORCID: 0000-0003-4091-6059