Giters

Jisjo / Git_Commands

Repository from Github https://github.comJisjo/Git_CommandsRepository from Github https://github.comJisjo/Git_Commands

Git Commands

git init

git init [repository name]

This command is used to start a new repository.

It will create a .git directory under the working directory. All git related changes will save here.

jisjo@my-lappy:~$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/jisjo/Documents/git/day-3/.git/

git config

git config –global user.name “[name]” 
git config –global user.email “[email address]”

the changes will save under .git/config

This command sets the author name and email address respectively to be used with your commits.

git clone

git clone [url]

This command is used to obtain a repository from an existing URL.

git add

git add [file]

This command adds a file to the staging area.

jisjo@my-lappy:~/$ echo "i am linux" > linux.txt
jisjo@my-lappy:~/$ ll
total 16
drwxrwxr-x 3 jisjo jisjo 4096 Jan 17 08:10 ./
drwxrwxr-x 3 jisjo jisjo 4096 Jan 17 08:07 ../
drwxrwxr-x 7 jisjo jisjo 4096 Jan 17 08:08 .git/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 jisjo jisjo   11 Jan 17 08:10 linux.txt

jisjo@my-lappy:~/$ md5sum linux.txt 
7458e547a834b366899bc26a70506a0e  linux.txt

jisjo@my-lappy:~/$ tree .git/
.git/
├── branches
├── config
├── description
├── HEAD
├── index
├── info
│   └── exclude
├── objects
│   ├── 8e
│   │   └── 491bf8546cdf6239b87caa4f8e47d5e55e4e57
│   ├── info
│   └── pack
└── refs
    ├── heads
    └── tags

git add will create a checksum (md5) value of the content of a text file and it will create a directory under object with named chercksum value.

# echo "i am linux" > linux.txt
# git add linux.txt

git rm --cached [file name]

used to remove object from index file or staging area.

git ls-files

jisjo@my-lappy:~/$ git ls-files -s
100644 8e491bf8546cdf6239b87caa4f8e47d5e55e4e57 0	linux.txt

Used to see the index file values (.git/index). By default the file content can't see using cat command because it is a compressed formate. ls-files is an internal command of git.

git cat-file

jisjo@my-lappy:~/$ git cat-file -p 8e491bf8546cdf6239b87caa4f8e47d5e55e4e57
i am linux

By default we can't see object data. We can see using an internal git command cat-file.

git commint

git commit -m " [commit message] "

it is taking backup of the actual file. This command records or snapshots the file permanently in the version history.

What is runnng background

  1. Creating Copy of index file
    • created copy called Commit Tree (Object)
  2. Commit Object Creation. it will keep the details of who commited the object. Following details will contain in commit object.
    • username
    • email
    • commit tree object id

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