validate
Validate object properties in javascript.
Usage
Define a schema and call .validate()
with the object you want to validate.
The .validate()
function returns an array of validation errors.
import Schema from 'validate'
const user = new Schema({
username: {
type: String,
required: true,
length: { min: 3, max: 32 }
},
pets: [{
name: {
type: String
required: true
},
animal: {
type: String
enum: ['cat', 'dog', 'cow']
}
}],
address: {
street: {
type: String,
required: true
},
city: {
type: String,
required: true
}
zip: {
type: String,
match: /^[0-9]+$/,
required: true
}
}
})
const errors = user.validate(obj)
Each error has a .path
, describing the full path of the property that failed validation, and a .message
describing the error.
errors[0].path //=> 'address.street'
errors[0].message //=> 'address.street is required.'
Custom error messages
You can override the default error messages by passing an object to Schema#message()
.
const post = new Schema({
title: { required: true }
})
post.message({
required: (path) => `${path} can not be empty.`
})
const [error] = post.validate({})
assert(error.message = 'title can not be empty.')
It is also possible to define messages for individual properties:
const post = new Schema({
title: {
required: true,
message: 'Title is required.'
}
})
And for individual validators:
const post = new Schema({
title: {
type: String,
required: true,
message: {
type: 'Title must be a string.',
required: 'Title is required.'
}
}
})
Nesting
Objects and arrays can be nested as deep as you want:
const event = new Schema({
title: {
type: String,
required: true
},
participants: [{
name: String,
email: {
type: String,
required: true
},
things: [{
name: String,
amount: Number
}]
}]
})
Arrays can be defined implicitly, like in the above example, or explicitly:
const post = new Schema({
keywords: {
type: Array,
each: { type: String }
}
})
Array elements can also be defined individually:
const user = new Schema({
something: {
type: Array,
elements: [
{ type: Number },
{ type: String }
]
}
})
Nesting also works with schemas:
const user = new Schema({
name: {
type: String,
required: true
},
email: {
type: String,
required: true
}
})
const post = new Schema({
title: {
type: String,
required: true
},
content: {
type: String,
required: true
},
author: user
})
If you think it should work, it probably works.
Custom validators
Custom validators can be defined by passing an object with named validators to .use
:
const hexColor = val => /^#[0-9a-fA-F]$/.test(val)
const car = new Schema({
color: {
type: String,
use: { hexColor }
}
})
Define a custom error message for the validator:
car.message({
hexColor: path => `${path} must be a valid color.`
})
Custom types
Pass a constructor to .type
to validate against a custom type:
class Car {}
const user = new Schema({
car: { type: Car }
})
Chainable API
If you want to avoid constructing large objects, you can add paths to a schema by using the chainable API:
const user = new Schema()
user
.path('username').type(String).required()
.path('address.zip').type(String).required()
Array elements can be defined by using $
as a placeholder for indices:
const user = new Schema()
user.path('pets.$').type(String)
This is equivalent to writing
const user = new Schema({ pets: [{ type: String }]})
Typecasting
Values can be automatically typecast before validation.
To enable typecasting, pass an options object to the Schema
constructor with typecast
set to true
.
const user = new Schema(definition, { typecast: true })
You can override this setting by passing an option to .validate()
.
user.validate(obj, { typecast: false })
To typecast custom types, you can register a typecaster:
class Car {}
const user = new Schema({
car: { type: Car }
})
user.typecaster({
Car: (val) => new Car(val)
})
Property stripping
By default, all values not defined in the schema will be stripped from the object.
Set .strip = false
on the options object to disable this behavior.
API
Table of Contents
Property
A property instance gets returned whenever you call schema.path()
.
Properties are also created internally when an object is passed to the Schema constructor.
Parameters
message
Registers messages.
Parameters
Examples
prop.message('something is wrong')
prop.message({ required: 'thing is required.' })
Returns Property
schema
Mount given schema
on current path.
Parameters
schema
Schema the schema to mount
Examples
const user = new Schema({ email: String })
prop.schema(user)
Returns Property
use
Validate using named functions from the given object.
Error messages can be defined by providing an object with
named error messages/generators to schema.message()
The message generator receives the value being validated, the object it belongs to and any additional arguments.
Parameters
fns
Object object with named validation functions to call
Examples
const schema = new Schema()
const prop = schema.path('some.path')
schema.message({
binary: (path, ctx) => `${path} must be binary.`,
bits: (path, ctx, bits) => `${path} must be ${bits}-bit`
})
prop.use({
binary: (val, ctx) => /^[01]+$/i.test(val),
bits: [(val, ctx, bits) => val.length == bits, 32]
})
Returns Property
required
Registers a validator that checks for presence.
Parameters
bool
Boolean?true
if required,false
otherwise (optional, defaulttrue
)
Examples
prop.required()
Returns Property
type
Registers a validator that checks if a value is of a given type
Parameters
Examples
prop.type(String)
prop.type('string')
Returns Property
length
Registers a validator that checks length.
Parameters
Examples
prop.length({ min: 8, max: 255 })
prop.length(10)
Returns Property
enum
Registers a validator for enums.
Parameters
enums
rules
Array allowed values
Examples
prop.enum(['cat', 'dog'])
Returns Property
match
Registers a validator that checks if a value matches given regexp
.
Parameters
regexp
RegExp regular expression to match
Examples
prop.match(/some\sregular\sexpression/)
Returns Property
each
Registers a validator that checks each value in an array against given rules
.
Parameters
Examples
prop.each({ type: String })
prop.each([{ type: Number }])
prop.each({ things: [{ type: String }]})
prop.each(schema)
Returns Property
elements
Registers paths for array elements on the parent schema, with given array of rules.
Parameters
arr
Array array of rules to use
Examples
prop.elements([{ type: String }, { type: Number }])
Returns Property
path
Proxy method for schema path. Makes chaining properties together easier.
Parameters
args
...any
Examples
schema
.path('name').type(String).required()
.path('email').type(String).required()
typecast
Typecast given value
Parameters
value
Mixed value to typecast
Examples
prop.type(String)
prop.typecast(123) // => '123'
Returns Mixed
validate
Validate given value
Parameters
value
Mixed value to validatectx
Object the object containing the valuepath
String? path of the value being validated (optional, defaultthis.name
)
Examples
prop.type(Number)
assert(prop.validate(2) == null)
assert(prop.validate('hello world') instanceof Error)
Returns ValidationError
Schema
A Schema defines the structure that objects should be validated against.
Parameters
Examples
const post = new Schema({
title: {
type: String,
required: true,
length: { min: 1, max: 255 }
},
content: {
type: String,
required: true
},
published: {
type: Date,
required: true
},
keywords: [{ type: String }]
})
const author = new Schema({
name: {
type: String,
required: true
},
email: {
type: String,
required: true
},
posts: [post]
})
path
Create or update path
with given rules
.
Parameters
path
String full path using dot-notationrules
(Object | Array | String | Schema | Property)? rules to apply
Examples
const schema = new Schema()
schema.path('name.first', { type: String })
schema.path('name.last').type(String).required()
Returns Property
validate
Validate given obj
.
Parameters
Examples
const schema = new Schema({ name: { required: true }})
const errors = schema.validate({})
assert(errors.length == 1)
assert(errors[0].message == 'name is required')
assert(errors[0].path == 'name')
Returns Array
assert
Assert that given obj
is valid.
Parameters
Examples
const schema = new Schema({ name: String })
schema.assert({ name: 1 }) // Throws an error
message
Override default error messages.
Parameters
name
(String | Object) name of the validator or an object with name-message pairsmessage
(String | Function)? the message or message generator to use
Examples
const hex = (val) => /^0x[0-9a-f]+$/.test(val)
schema.path('some.path').use({ hex })
schema.message('hex', path => `${path} must be hexadecimal`)
schema.message({ hex: path => `${path} must be hexadecimal` })
Returns Schema
validator
Override default validators.
Parameters
name
(String | Object) name of the validator or an object with name-function pairsfn
Function? the function to use
Examples
schema.validator('required', val => val != null)
schema.validator({ required: val => val != null })
Returns Schema
typecaster
Override default typecasters.
Parameters
name
(String | Object) name of the validator or an object with name-function pairsfn
Function? the function to use
Examples
schema.typecaster('SomeClass', val => new SomeClass(val))
schema.typecaster({ SomeClass: val => new SomeClass(val) })
Returns Schema
Licence
MIT