CarrierConfig2 app is the provider of carrier-specific configuration data.
CarrierConfig2 relies on the carrier settings database from Google's CarrierSettings (GCS) app. This database is stored as a directory of protobuf files, its structure is described in CSettingsDir class.
The actual carrier configuration is initiated and performed by the OS, not by CarrierConfig2, see https://source.android.com/docs/core/connect/carrier for more info.
For any given "settings database + CarrierIdentifier" input, CarrierConfig2 and GCS should output the same configuration data when config editing is disabled in CarrierConfig2.
Testing is done by checking that CarrierConfig2 and GCS return the same configuration for each CarrierId.
GCS app can be obtained by unpacking a stock OS factory image.
adb install $UNPACKED_STOCK_FACTORY_IMAGE/product/priv-app/CarrierSettings/CarrierSettings.apk
Start the test:
adb shell am start-activity -S -n app.grapheneos.carrierconfig2/.TestActivity
UI shows only the basic info, see logcat of CarrierConfig2 and GCS apps for more details.
If there are differences in output between CarrierConfig2 and GCS, they will be shown in the UI.