django-rest-framework-filters
is an extension to Django REST framework that makes working with filtering much easier. In addition to fixing some underlying warts and limitations of django-filter
, we allow arbitrary chaining of both relations and lookup filters.
E.g. using django-rest-framework-filters
instead of just django-filter
, we can do stuff like:
/api/page/?author__username__icontains=john
/api/page/?author__username__endswith=smith
Without having to create a zillion filter fields by hand.
$ pip install djangorestframework-filters
- Python 2.7+
- Django 1.8+
- Django REST framework 3.0+
Here's how you were probably doing filtering before:
import django_filters
from myapp.models import Product
class ProductFilter(django_filters.FilterSet):
manufacturer = django_filters.CharFilter(name="manufacturer__name")
class Meta:
model = Product
fields = ['category', 'in_stock', 'manufacturer']
To use django-rest-framework-filters
, simply import rest_framework_filters
instead of django_filters
:
import rest_framework_filters as filters
from myapp.models import Product
class ProductFilter(filters.FilterSet):
manufacturer = filters.CharFilter(name="manufacturer__name")
class Meta:
model = Product
fields = ['category', 'in_stock', 'manufacturer']
All filters found in django-filter
are available for usage. In this case, there's nothing new that's gained. But read onward!
To enable chained filtering through relations:
from rest_framework import viewsets
import rest_framework_filters as filters
class UserFilter(filters.FilterSet):
username = filters.CharFilter(name='username')
...
class PageFilter(filters.FilterSet):
title = filters.CharFilter(name='title')
author = filters.RelatedFilter(UserFilter, name='author')
...
# Then just use the PageFilter as you would any other FilterSet:
class PageView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
...
filter_class = PageFilter
then we can automatically chain our filters through the author
relation, as so:
/api/page/?author__username=philipn
Recursive relations are also supported. You will need to specify the full module path in the RelatedFilter
definition in some cases, e.g.:
class PersonFilter(filters.FilterSet):
name = filters.AllLookupsFilter(name='name')
best_friend = filters.RelatedFilter('people.views.PersonFilter', name='best_friend')
class Meta:
model = Person
We can use the AllLookupsFilter
to allow all possible lookup types on a particular field. While we could otherwise specify these by hand, e.g.:
class ProductFilter(filters.FilterSet):
min_price = filters.NumberFilter(name="price", lookup_type='gte')
...
to allow the price__gte
lookup. But this gets cumbersome, and we sometimes want to allow any possible lookups on particular fields. We do this by using AllLookupsFilter
:
from rest_framework import viewsets
import rest_framework_filters as filters
class PageFilter(filters.FilterSet):
title = filters.AllLookupsFilter(name='title')
...
then we can use any possible lookup on the title
field, e.g.:
/api/page/?title__icontains=park
or :
/api/page/?title__startswith=The
and also filter on the default lookup (exact
), as usual:
/api/page/?title=The%20Park
Additionally, you may use ALL_LOOKUPS
with dictionary style declarations.
import rest_framework_filters as filters
class PageFilter(filters.FilterSet):
...
class Meta:
fields = {
'title': filters.ALL_LOOKUPS,
}
We can combine RelatedFilter
and AllLookupsFilter
:
from rest_framework import viewsets
import rest_framework_filters as filters
class PageFilter(filters.FilterSet):
title = filters.CharFilter(name='title')
author = filters.RelatedFilter(UserFilter, name='author')
class UserFilter(filters.FilterSet):
username = AllLookupsFilter(name='username')
...
then we can filter like so:
/api/page/?author__username__icontains=john
FilterSets also support automatic exclusion using a simple k!=v
syntax. This syntax internally sets the exclude
property on the filter.
/api/page/?title!=The%20Park
This syntax supports regular filtering combined with exclusion filtering. For example, the following would search for all articles containing "Hello" in the title, while excluding those containing "World".
/api/articles/?title__contains=Hello&title__contains!=World
MethodFilter
has been reimplemented to work across relationships. This is not a forwards-compatible change and requires adding a minimal amount of boilerplate to the filter method.
When filtering across relationships, the queryset and lookup value will be different. For example:
class PostFilter(filters.FilterSet):
author = filters.RelatedFilter('AuthorFilter')
is_published = filters.MethodFilter()
class Meta:
model = Post
fields = ['title', 'content']
def filter_is_published(self, name, qs, value):
# convert value to boolean
null = value.lower() != 'true'
# The lookup name will end with `is_published`, but could be
# preceded by a related lookup path.
if LOOKUP_SEP in name:
rel, _ = name.rsplit(LOOKUP_SEP, 1)
name = LOOKUP_SEP.join([rel, 'date_published__isnull'])
else:
name = 'date_published__isnull'
return qs.filter(**{name: null})
class AuthorFilter(filters.FilterSet):
posts = filters.RelatedFilter('PostFilter')
class Meta:
model = Author
fields = ['name']
And given these API calls:
/api/posts/?is_published=true
/api/authors/?posts__is_published=true
In the first API call, the filter method receives a queryset of posts. In the second, it receives a queryset of users. The filter method in the example modifies the lookup name to work across the relationship, allowing you to find published posts, or authors who have published posts.
We implement our own subclass of DjangoFilterBackend
, which you should probably use instead of the default DjangoFilterBackend
. Our DjangoFilterBackend
caches repeated filter set generation — a particularly important optimization when using RelatedFilter
and AllLookupsFilter
.
To use our FilterBackend
, in your settings.py`, simply use:
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
...
'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': (
'rest_framework_filters.backends.DjangoFilterBackend', ...
),
instead of the default rest_framework.filters.DjangoFilterBackend
.
Even if you're not using RelatedFilter
or AllLookupsFilter
, you will probably want to use django-rest-framework-filters
. For instance, if you simply use django-filter
it is very difficult to filter on a DateTimeFilter
in the date format emitted by the default serializer (ISO 8601), which makes working with your API difficult.
Yes you can. django-rest-framework-filters extends django-filter, and you can mix and match them as you please. For a given class, you should use only one of django-filter
or django-rest-framework-filters
, but you can use RelatedFilter
to link to a filter relation defined elsewhere that uses vanilla django-filter
.
djangorestframework-filters is not compatible with the filterset's order_by meta option. Use rest_framework.filters.OrderingFilter instead if you need to support ordering.
Copyright (c) 2013-2015 Philip Neustrom <philipn@gmail.com>, 2016 Ryan P Kilby <rpkilby@ncsu.edu>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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