Graphene is a nano-scale knowledge graph publishing, management, and analysis framework. Graphene aims to support domain-aware management and curation of knowledge from many different sources. Its primary goal is to enable creation of useful domain- and data-driven knowledge graphs. Knowledge can be contributed and managed through direct user interaction, statistical analysis, or data ingestion from many different kinds of data sources. Every contribution to the knowledge graph is managed as a separate entity so that its provenance (publication status, attribution, and justification) is transparent and can be managed and used.
Graphene manages its fragments of knowledge as nanopublications, which can be viewed as the smallest publishable unit. They are fragments of knowledge graphs that have secondary graphs associated with them to contain provenance and publication information. Knowledge graph systems need to manage the provenance of its contents. By using existing recommended standards like RDF, OWL, and SPARQL, nanopublications are able to provide flexible expansion and integration options without the limitations of custom database management tools. They also have the flexibility to capture any level of granularity of information required by the application.
Every entity in the resource is visible through its own Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), and is available as machine-readable linked data. When a user accesses the URI, all the nanopublications about it are aggregated together into a single graph. This approach gives users the ability to control access to this knowledge. It also provides the ability to control the publishing workflow. Rather than publishing everything immediately, nanopublications can be contributed, curated and approved, and then finally published either individually or in collections. Knowledge graph developers can flexibly control the ways in which the entities are shown to users by their type or other constraints. We provide default views for knowledge graph authoring, including for ontology development and also allow developers to provide customized views. Our plan is to base our new enhanced Nanomine on the Graphene infrastructure to enable more flexibility and extensibility.
Nano-scale knowledge graphs are built of many nanopublications, where each nanopublication is tracked individually, with the ability to provide provenance-based justifications and publication credit for each tiny bit of knowledge in the graph.