sbt-ci-release

This is an sbt plugin to help automate releases to Sonatype and Maven Central from Travis CI

git tag pushes are published as regular releases to Maven Central
merge into master commits are published as -SNAPSHOT with a unique version number for every commit

Beware that publishing from Travis CI requires you to expose Sonatype credentials as secret environment variables in Travis CI jobs. However, secret environment variables are not accessible during pull requests.

Let's get started!

Sonatype
sbt
GPG
Travis
Git
FAQ
Alternatives

Sonatype

First, follow the instructions in https://central.sonatype.org/pages/ossrh-guide.html to create a Sonatype account and make sure you have publishing rights for a domain name. This is a one-time setup per domain name.

If you don't have a domain name, you can use com.github.<@your_username>. Here is a template you can use to write the Sonatype issue:

Title:
Publish rights for com.github.olafurpg
Description:
Hi, I would like to publish under the groupId: com.github.olafurpg.
It's my GitHub account https://github.com/olafurpg/

Optional: create user tokens

If you prefer not to save your actual username and password in the Travis CI settings below, generate your user tokens:

login to https://oss.sonatype.org,
click your username in the top right, then profiles,
in the tab that was opened, click on the top left dropdown, and select "User Token",
click "Access User Token", and save the name and password parts of the token somewhere safe.

sbt

Next, install this plugin in project/plugins.sbt

// sbt 1 only, see FAQ for 0.13 support
addSbtPlugin("com.geirsson" % "sbt-ci-release" % "1.2.6")

By installing sbt-ci-release the following sbt plugins are also brought in:

sbt-dynver: sets the version number based on your git history
sbt-pgp: to cryptographically sign the artifacts before publishing
sbt-sonatype: to publish artifacts to Sonatype
sbt-git: to automatically populate scmInfo

Make sure build.sbt does not define any of the following settings

version: handled by sbt-dynver
publishTo: handled by sbt-ci-release
publishMavenStyle: handled by sbt-ci-release
credentials: handled by sbt-sonatype

Next, define publishing settings at the top of build.sbt

inThisBuild(List(
  organization := "com.geirsson",
  homepage := Some(url("https://github.com/scalameta/sbt-scalafmt")),
  licenses := List("Apache-2.0" -> url("http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0")),
  developers := List(
    Developer(
      "olafurpg",
      "Ólafur Páll Geirsson",
      "olafurpg@gmail.com",
      url("https://geirsson.com")
    )
  )
))

GPG

Next, create a fresh gpg key that you will share with Travis CI and only use for this project.

gpg --gen-key

For real name, use "$PROJECT_NAME bot". For example, in Scalafmt I use "Scalafmt bot"
For email, use your own email address
For passphrase, generate a random password with a password manager

At the end you'll see output like this

pub   rsa2048 2018-06-10 [SC] [expires: 2020-06-09]
      $LONG_ID
uid                      $PROJECT_NAME bot <$EMAIL>

Take note of $LONG_ID, make sure to replace this ID from the code examples below. The ID will look something like (a) 6E8ED79B03AD527F1B281169D28FC818985732D9 or something like (b) A4C9 75D9 9C05 E4C7 2163 4BBD ACA8 EB32 0BFE FE2C (in which case delete the spaces to make it look like (a)).

LONG_ID=6E8ED79B03AD527F1B281169D28FC818985732D9

Next, copy the public gpg signature

# macOS
gpg --armor --export $LONG_ID | pbcopy
# linux
gpg --armor --export $LONG_ID | xclip

and post the signature to a keyserver: http://keyserver.ubuntu.com:11371/

Travis

Next, open the "Settings" panel for your project on Travis CI, for example https://travis-ci.org/scalameta/sbt-scalafmt/settings.

Make sure that "Build pushed branches" setting is enabled.
Define four secret variables

PGP_PASSPHRASE: The randomly generated password you used to create a fresh gpg key.
PGP_SECRET: The base64 encoded secret of your private key that you can export from the command line like here below

# macOS
gpg --armor --export-secret-keys $LONG_ID | base64 | pbcopy
# Ubuntu (assuming GNU base64)
gpg --armor --export-secret-keys $LONG_ID | base64 -w0 | xclip
# FreeBSD (assuming BSD base64)
gpg --armor --export-secret-keys $LONG_ID | base64 | xclip

SONATYPE_PASSWORD: The password you use to log into https://oss.sonatype.org/. Alternatively, the password part of the user token if you generated one above. If the password contains bash special characters, make sure to escape it by wrapping it in single quotes 'my?pa$$word', see Travis Environment Variables.
SONATYPE_USERNAME: The username you use to log into https://oss.sonatype.org/. Alternatively, the name part of the user token if you generated one above.
(optional) CI_RELEASE: the command to publish all artifacts for stable releases. Defaults to +publishSigned if not provided.
(optional) CI_SNAPSHOT_RELEASE: the command to publish all artifacts for a SNAPSHOT releases. Defaults to +publish if not provided.
(optional) CI_SONATYPE_RELEASE: the command called to close and promote the staged repository. Useful when, for example, also dealing with non-sbt projects to change to sonatypeReleaseAll. Defaults to sonatypeRelease if not provided.

.travis.yml

Next, update .travis.yml to trigger ci-release on successful merge into master and on tag push. There are many ways to do this, but I recommend using Travis "build stages". It's not necessary to use build stages but they make it easy to avoid publishing the same module multiple times from parallel jobs.

First, ensure that git tags are always fetched so that sbt-dynver can pick up the correct version

before_install:
  - git fetch --tags

Next, define test and release build stages

stages:
  - name: test
  - name: release
    if: ((branch = master AND type = push) OR (tag IS present)) AND NOT fork

Lastly, define your build matrix with ci-release at the bottom, for example:

jobs:
  include:
    # stage="test" if no stage is specified
    - env: TEST="compile"
      script: sbt compile
    - env: TEST="formatting"
      script: ./bin/scalafmt --test
    # run ci-release only if previous stages passed
    - stage: release
      script: sbt ci-release

Notes:

for a complete example of the Travis configuration, see the .travis.yml in this repository
if we use after_success instead of build stages, we would run ci-release after both TEST="formatting" and TEST="compile". As long as you make sure you don't publish the same module multiple times, you can use any Travis configuration you like
the env: TEST="compile" part is optional but it makes it easy to distinguish different jobs in the Travis UI

Git

We're all set! Time to manually try out the new setup

Open a PR and merge it to watch the CI release a -SNAPSHOT version
Push a tag and watch the CI do a regular release

git tag -a v0.1.0 -m "v0.1.0"
git push origin v0.1.0

Note that the tag version MUST start with v.

It's is normal that something fails on the first attempt to publish from CI. Even if it takes 10 attempts to get it right, it's still worth it because it's so nice to have automatic CI releases. If all is correctly setup, your Travis jobs page will look like this:

Enjoy 👌

FAQ

How do I disable publishing in certain projects?

Add the following to the project settings (works only in sbt 1)

skip in publish := true

How do I publish cross-built projects?

Make sure that projects that compile against multiple Scala versions declare the crossScalaVersions setting in build.sbt, for example

lazy val core = project.settings(
  ...
  crossScalaVersions := List("2.12.6", "2.11.12")
)

The command +publishSigned (default value for CI_RELEASE) will then publish that project for both 2.11 and 2.12.

Can I depend on Maven Central releases immediately?

Yes! As soon as CI "closes" the staging repository you can depend on those artifacts with

resolvers += Resolver.sonatypeRepo("releases")

(optional) Use the coursier command line interface to check if a release was successful without opening sbt

coursier fetch com.geirsson:scalafmt-cli_2.12:1.5.0 -r sonatype:releases

How do I depend on the SNAPSHOT releases?

Add the following setting

resolvers += Resolver.sonatypeRepo("snapshots")

(optional) With coursier you can do the same thing with -r sonatype:snapshots

coursier fetch com.geirsson:scalafmt-cli_2.12:1.5.0-SNAPSHOT -r sonatype:snapshots

What about other CIs environments than Travis?

You can try sbt-release-early.

Alternatively, the source code for sbt-ci-release is only ~50 loc, see CiReleasePlugin.scala. You can copy-paste it to project/ of your build and tweak the settings for your environment.

Does sbt-ci-release work for sbt 0.13?

Yes, but the plugin is not released for sbt 0.13. The plugin source code is a single file which you can copy-paste into project/CiReleasePlugin.scala of your 0.13 build. Make sure you also addSbtPlugin(sbt-dynver + sbt-sonatype + sbt-gpg + sbt-git).

How do I publish sbt plugins?

You can publish sbt plugins to Maven Central like a normal library, no custom setup required. It is not necessary to publish sbt plugins to Bintray.

java.io.IOException: secret key ring doesn't start with secret key tag: tag 0xffffffff

Make sure you exported the correct LONG_ID for the gpg key.
Make sure the base64 exported secret GPG key is a single line (not line wrapped). If you use the GNU coreutils base64 (default on Ubuntu), pass in the -w0 flag to disable line wrapping.

java.io.IOException: PUT operation to URL https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots 400: Bad Request

This error happens when you publish a non-SNAPSHOT version to the snapshot repository. If you pushed a tag, make sure the tag version number starts with v. This error can happen if you tag with the version 0.1.0 instead of v0.1.0.

java.io.IOException: Access to URL was refused by the server: Unauthorized

Make sure that SONATYPE_PASSWORD uses proper escaping if it contains special characters as documented on Travis Environment Variables.

Failed: signature-staging, failureMessage:Missing Signature:

Make sure to upgrade to the latest sbt-ci-release, which could fix this error. This failure can happen in case you push a git tag immediately after merging a branch into master. A manual workaround is to log into https://oss.sonatype.org/ and drop the failing repository from the web UI. Alternatively, you can run sonatypeDrop <staging-repo-id> from the sbt shell instead of using the web UI.

Alternatives

There exist great alternatives to sbt-ci-release that may work better for your setup.

sbt-release-early: additionally supports publishing to Bintray and other CI environments than Travis.
sbt-rig: additionally supporting publishing code coverage reports, managing test dependencies and publishing docs.

The biggest difference between these and sbt-ci-release wrt to publishing is the base64 encoded PGP_SECRET variable. I never managed to get the encrypted files and openssl working.

ChocPanda / sbt-ci-release