h - Move left
j - Move down
k - Move up
l - Move right
$ - Move to end of line
0 - Move to beginning of line (including whitespace)
^ - Move to first character on line
gg - Move to first line of file
G - Move to last line of file
w - Move forward to next word, with cursor on first character (use W to jump by whitespace only)
b - Move backward to next word, with cursor on first character (use B to jump by whitespace only)
e - Move forward to next word, with cursor on last character (use E to jump by whitespace only)
ge - Move backwards to next word, with cursor on last character (use gE to jump by whitespace only)
( - Move to beginning of previous sentence. Use ) to go to next sentence
{ - Move to beginning of previous paragraph. Use } to go to next paragraph
+ - Move forward to the first character on the next line
- - Move backwards to the first character on the previous line
CTRL+u - Move up by half a page
CTRL+d - Move down by half a page
CTRL+b - Move up by a page
CTRL+f - Move down by a page
H - Move cursor to header (top) line of current visible window
M - Move cursor to middle line of current visible window
L - Move cursor to last line of current visible window
fc - Move cursor to next occurrence of character c on the current line. Use Fc to move backwards
tc - Move cursor till next character c on the current line. Use Tc to move backwards
% - Move cursor to next brace, bracket or comment paired to the current cursor location
* - Search forward for word under cursor
# - Search backwards for word under cursor
/word - Search forward for word. Accepts regular expressions to search
?word - Search backwards for word. Accepts regular expressions to search
n - Repeat the last / or ? command
N - Repeat the last / or ? command in the opposite direction
NORMAL MODE -> INSERT MODE
i - Enter insert mode to the left of the cursor
a - Enter insert mode to the right of the cursor
I - Enter insert mode at first character of current line
A - Enter insert mode at last character of current line
o - Insert line below current line and enter insert mode
O - Insert line above current line and enter insert mode
cm - Delete (change) the character or word (w) in motion m, then enter insert mode
cc - Delete current line and enter insert mode (unlike dd which leaves you in normal mode)
C - Delete (change) from cursor to end of line, and enter insert mode
DELETION
x - Delete character forward (under cursor). use x do delete backwards (before cursor)
r - Replace single character under cursor, and remain in normal mode
s - Delete character under cursor, then switch to insert mode
dm - Delete in direction of movement m. For m, you can also use w, b, or any other variation
dd - Delete entire current line
D - Delete until end of line
YANK & PUT
y - Yank (copy) highlighted text
yy - Yank current linepPut (paste) yanked text below current line
yw - Yank a word from the cursor
ynw - Yank n words from the cursor
y$ - Yank till the end of the line
P - Put yanked text above current line
J - Join current line with the next line. Use gJ to exclude join-position space
xp - Transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
VISUAL MODE
v - Enter visual mode and highlight characters
V - Enter visual mode and highlight lines
CTRL+v - Enter visual block mode and highlight exactly where the cursor moves
o - Switch cursor from first & last character of highlighted block while in visual mode
~ - Swap case under selection
<< - Shift lines to left
>> - Shift lines to right
vat - Highlight all text up to and including the parent element
vit - Highlight all text up to the parent element, excluding the element
vac - Highlight all text including the pair marked with c (like va<, va' or va")
vic - Highlight all text inside the pair marked with c
MARKING
ma - Set a marker a at cursor position to come back to later. a can be any character you choose
mb - Set a marker b at current position
`a - Move cursor to exact position of the marker you set with ma
'a - Move cursor to the first character of the line marked with ma
d'a - Delete from current line to line of mark a
d`a - Delete from current cursor position to position of mark a
c'a - Change text from current line to line of mark a
y`a - Yank text to unnamed buffer from cursor to position of mark a
:marks - List all the current marks
:marks ab - List marks a, b
'a,'bs/test/foo/g - Search and replace test with foo between markers a and b
VIM FOLDING
zf#j - creates a fold from the cursor down # lines.
zf/string - creates a fold from the cursor to string .
v{move}zf - creates a visual select fold
zf'a - creates a fold from cursor to mark a
zo - opens a fold at the cursor.
zO - opens all folds at the cursor.
za - Toggles a fold at the cursor.
zc - closes a fold at the cursor.
zM - closes all open folds.
zd - deletes the fold at the cursor.
zE - deletes all folds.
zj - moves the cursor to the next fold.
zk - moves the cursor to the previous fold.
zm - increases the foldlevel by one.
zr - decreases the foldlevel by one.
zR - decreases the foldlevel to zero -- all folds will be open.
[z - move to start of open fold.
]z - move to end of open fold.
:set foldmethod=manual - default method v{select block}zf to fold
:set foldmethod=marker - use marker fold method {{{
:set foldemethod=marker/*,*/ - user custom marker fold method
:set foldmethod=indent - automatically fold programms per its indentation
MISCELLANEOUS
u - Undo
U - Undo all changes on current line
CTRL+R - Redo
. - Redo
g~ - switch case under cursor
g~$ - Toggle case of all characters to end of line.
g~~ - Toggle case of the current line (same as V~).
gUU - switch the current line to upper case
guu - switch the current line to lower case
CTRL+A - Increment the number at cursor
CTRL+X - Decrement the number at cursor
. - Repeat last change or delete
; - Repeat last f, t, F, or T command
, - Repeat last f, t, F, or T command in opposite direction
vim +10 <file_name> - opens the file at line 10
vim +/bash cronjob-lab.yml - opens the file cronjob-lab.yml on the first occurence of bash
vim scp://balasundaramm@mgmt-bst:22/~/automation/test-file.txt - Edit a remote file via scp
HISTORY/COMMAND BUFFER
q: - list history in command buffer
q/ - search history in command buffer
CTRL+c CTRL+c - close the command buffer
:set list - show hidden characters
gg=G - Format HTML. Make sure FileType is set to html with :setf html
CTRL+n - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls down the list of all previously used words
CTRL+p - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls up the list of all previously used words
BUFFERS
:ls (or :buffers) - list / show available buffers
:e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
:bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
:bprev (of :bp) - go to previous buffer
:bdelete (or :bd) - unload a buffer (close a file)
:bwipeout (or :bw) - unload a buffer and deletes it
:b [N] - The number of the buffer you are interested to open
:ball - opens up all available buffers in horizontal split window
:vertical ball - opens up all available buffero in vertical split window
:q - close the buffer window
:help buffers - help for buffers
:r <file_path> - reads a file from the path to the buffer
:r !<command> - reads the output of the command into buffer
:.! cat <file_path> - reads the output of the command (eg: cat) into buffer or !! in ex-mode
TAB VIEWS
:tabe filename - opens the file in newtab
:tabe new - open an empty tab
:tabs - list opened tabs
:tabc - close the active tab
:tabn and tabp - Go to next tab or previous tab
:tabfirst - Go to the first available tab
:tablast - Go to the last available tab
:help tabpage - help for tabs
vim -p *.txt - open all txt files in tabs
TAB NAVIGATION
gt - go to next tab
gT - go to previous tab
{i}gt - go to tab in position i
TAB SHORTCUTS
CTRL+W T - Break out current window into a new tabview
CTRL+W o - Close every window in the current tabview but the current one
CTRL+W n - create a new window in the current tabview
CTRL+W c - Close current window in the current tabview
WINDOW MANAGEMENT
#split screen horizontal
:split filename
vim -o file1 file2
#split screen vertical
:vs filename
or
:vsplit filename
vim -O file1 file2
#close current window
:hide
#Horizontal resize in active window
:resize 20
#vertical resize
:vertical resize 20
#diff
:windo diffthis - diff between 2 vsplit windows
:diffs, diffsplit {filename} - diffs the current window with the file given
:diffoff - turns off diff selection
CTRL+w s - Split current window horizontally
CTRL+w v - Split current window vertically
CTRL+w c - Close current window
CTRL+w m - Move to window according to motion m
CTRL+w o - Maxmize current window (note: this overwrites your current window configuration)
# EX Mode
:Vex - Open Vertical Split in ex mode with file browser
:Sex - Open Vertical Split in ex mode with file browser
MOVING WINDOWS
CTRL+W r - Swap bottom/top if split horizontally
CTRL+W R - Swap top/bottom if split horizontally
CTRL+w r - Rotates the windows from left to right - only if the windows are split vertically
CTRL+w R - Rotates the windows from right to left - only if the windows are split vertically
CTRL+w H - Move current window the far left and use the full height of the screen
CTRL+w J - Move current window the far bottom and use the full width of the screen
CTRL+w K - Move current window the far top and full width of the screen
CTRL+w L - Move current window the far right and full height of the screen
NAVIGATE BETWEEN WINDOWS
CTRL+w CTRL+w - switch between windows
CTRL+w UP - Move to the top window from current window
CTRL+w DOWN - Move to the bottom window from current window
CTRL+w LEFT - Move to the left window from current window
CTRL+w RIGHT - Move to the right window from current window
RESIZING WINDOWS
#Sometimes windows open up funny or are rendered incorrectly after separating from an external monitor. Or maybe you want to make more room for an important file.
CTRL+w _ - Max out the height of the current split
CTRL+w | - Max out the width of the current split
CTRL+w = - Normalize all split sizes, which is very handy when resizing terminal
CTRL+w > - Incrementally increase the window to the right. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 20 >
CTRL+w < - Incrementally increase the window to the left. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 20 <
CTRL+w - - Incrementally decrease the window's height. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 10 -
CTRL+w + - Incrementally increase the window's height. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 10 +
COMMENT LINES (TCOMMENT PLUGIN)
CTRL+_ CTRL+_ - Comment a line using tcomment
CTRL+V - #{Select the block before commenting a block,
CTRL+_ CTRL+_ - Comment a block of line using tcomment}
MODELINE MAGIC
:set modeline - Enable modeline magic or add this option to your .vimrc
\ml - write the modeline based on your settings to the file
NERDTree Plugin
CTRL-n - Toggle
m - opens the menu
? - help
i - horizontal split
s - vertical split
CTRL-w + <-|-> - (left or right) to navigate
PERMISSION OVERRIDE
:w !sudo tee % - Allows to override the permission of the written file
:w !sudo sh -c "cat > %" - " "
MOVEMENT
h - Move left
j - Move down
k - Move up
l - Move right
$ - Move to end of line
0 - Move to beginning of line (including whitespace)
^ - Move to first character on line
gg - Move to first line of file
G - Move to last line of file
w - Move forward to next word, with cursor on first character (use W to jump by whitespace only)
b - Move backward to next word, with cursor on first character (use B to jump by whitespace only)
e - Move forward to next word, with cursor on last character (use E to jump by whitespace only)
ge - Move backwards to next word, with cursor on last character (use gE to jump by whitespace only)
( - Move to beginning of previous sentence. Use ) to go to next sentence
{ - Move to beginning of previous paragraph. Use } to go to next paragraph
+ - Move forward to the first character on the next line
- - Move backwards to the first character on the previous line
CTRL+u - Move up by half a page
CTRL+d - Move down by half a page
CTRL+b - Move up by a page
CTRL+f - Move down by a page
H - Move cursor to header (top) line of current visible window
M - Move cursor to middle line of current visible window
L - Move cursor to last line of current visible window
fc - Move cursor to next occurrence of character c on the current line. Use Fc to move backwards
tc - Move cursor till next character c on the current line. Use Tc to move backwards
% - Move cursor to next brace, bracket or comment paired to the current cursor location
* - Search forward for word under cursor
# - Search backwards for word under cursor
/word - Search forward for word. Accepts regular expressions to search
?word - Search backwards for word. Accepts regular expressions to search
n - Repeat the last / or ? command
N - Repeat the last / or ? command in the opposite direction
NORMAL MODE -> INSERT MODE
i - Enter insert mode to the left of the cursor
a - Enter insert mode to the right of the cursor
I - Enter insert mode at first character of current line
A - Enter insert mode at last character of current line
o - Insert line below current line and enter insert mode
O - Insert line above current line and enter insert mode
cm - Delete (change) the character or word (w) in motion m, then enter insert mode
cc - Delete current line and enter insert mode (unlike dd which leaves you in normal mode)
C - Delete (change) from cursor to end of line, and enter insert mode
DELETION
x - Delete character forward (under cursor). use x do delete backwards (before cursor)
r - Replace single character under cursor, and remain in normal mode
s - Delete character under cursor, then switch to insert mode
dm - Delete in direction of movement m. For m, you can also use w, b, or any other variation
dd - Delete entire current line
D - Delete until end of line
YANK & PUT
y - Yank (copy) highlighted text
yy - Yank current linepPut (paste) yanked text below current line
yw - Yank a word from the cursor
ynw - Yank n words from the cursor
y$ - Yank till the end of the line
P - Put yanked text above current line
J - Join current line with the next line. Use gJ to exclude join-position space
xp - Transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
VISUAL MODE
v - Enter visual mode and highlight characters
V - Enter visual mode and highlight lines
CTRL+v - Enter visual block mode and highlight exactly where the cursor moves
o - Switch cursor from first & last character of highlighted block while in visual mode
~ - Swap case under selection
<< - Shift lines to left
>> - Shift lines to right
vat - Highlight all text up to and including the parent element
vit - Highlight all text up to the parent element, excluding the element
vac - Highlight all text including the pair marked with c (like va<, va' or va")
vic - Highlight all text inside the pair marked with c
MARKING
ma - Set a marker a at cursor position to come back to later. a can be any character you choose
mb - Set a marker b at current position
`a - Move cursor to exact position of the marker you set with ma
'a - Move cursor to the first character of the line marked with ma
d'a - Delete from current line to line of mark a
d`a - Delete from current cursor position to position of mark a
c'a - Change text from current line to line of mark a
y`a - Yank text to unnamed buffer from cursor to position of mark a
:marks - List all the current marks
:marks ab - List marks a, b
'a,'bs/test/foo/g - Search and replace test with foo between markers a and b
VIM FOLDING
zf#j - creates a fold from the cursor down # lines.
zf/string - creates a fold from the cursor to string .
v{move}zf - creates a visual select fold
zf'a - creates a fold from cursor to mark a
zo - opens a fold at the cursor.
zO - opens all folds at the cursor.
za - Toggles a fold at the cursor.
zc - closes a fold at the cursor.
zM - closes all open folds.
zd - deletes the fold at the cursor.
zE - deletes all folds.
zj - moves the cursor to the next fold.
zk - moves the cursor to the previous fold.
zm - increases the foldlevel by one.
zr - decreases the foldlevel by one.
zR - decreases the foldlevel to zero -- all folds will be open.
[z - move to start of open fold.
]z - move to end of open fold.
:set foldmethod=manual - default method v{select block}zf to fold
:set foldmethod=marker - use marker fold method {{{
:set foldemethod=marker/*,*/ - user custom marker fold method
:set foldmethod=indent - automatically fold programms per its indentation
MISCELLANEOUS
u - Undo
U - Undo all changes on current line
CTRL+R - Redo
. - Redo
g~ - switch case under cursor
g~$ - Toggle case of all characters to end of line.
g~~ - Toggle case of the current line (same as V~).
gUU - switch the current line to upper case
guu - switch the current line to lower case
CTRL+A - Increment the number at cursor
CTRL+X - Decrement the number at cursor
. - Repeat last change or delete
; - Repeat last f, t, F, or T command
, - Repeat last f, t, F, or T command in opposite direction
vim +10 <file_name> - opens the file at line 10
vim +/bash cronjob-lab.yml - opens the file cronjob-lab.yml on the first occurence of bash
vim scp://balasundaramm@mgmt-bst:22/~/automation/test-file.txt - Edit a remote file via scp
HISTORY/COMMAND BUFFER
q: - list history in command buffer
q/ - search history in command buffer
CTRL+c CTRL+c - close the command buffer
:set list - show hidden characters
gg=G - Format HTML. Make sure FileType is set to html with :setf html
CTRL+n - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls down the list of all previously used words
CTRL+p - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls up the list of all previously used words
BUFFERS
:ls (or :buffers) - list / show available buffers
:e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
:bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
:bprev (of :bp) - go to previous buffer
:bdelete (or :bd) - unload a buffer (close a file)
:bwipeout (or :bw) - unload a buffer and deletes it
:b [N] - The number of the buffer you are interested to open
:ball - opens up all available buffers in horizontal split window
:vertical ball - opens up all available buffero in vertical split window
:q - close the buffer window
:help buffers - help for buffers
:r <file_path> - reads a file from the path to the buffer
:r !<command> - reads the output of the command into buffer
:.! cat <file_path> - reads the output of the command (eg: cat) into buffer or !! in ex-mode
TAB VIEWS
:tabe filename - opens the file in newtab
:tabe new - open an empty tab
:tabs - list opened tabs
:tabc - close the active tab
:tabn and tabp - Go to next tab or previous tab
:tabfirst - Go to the first available tab
:tablast - Go to the last available tab
:help tabpage - help for tabs
vim -p *.txt - open all txt files in tabs
TAB NAVIGATION
gt - go to next tab
gT - go to previous tab
{i}gt - go to tab in position i
TAB SHORTCUTS
CTRL+W T - Break out current window into a new tabview
CTRL+W o - Close every window in the current tabview but the current one
CTRL+W n - create a new window in the current tabview
CTRL+W c - Close current window in the current tabview
WINDOW MANAGEMENT
#split screen horizontal
:split filename
vim -o file1 file2
#split screen vertical
:vs filename
or
:vsplit filename
vim -O file1 file2
#close current window
:hide
#Horizontal resize in active window
:resize 20
#vertical resize
:vertical resize 20
#diff
:windo diffthis - diff between 2 vsplit windows
:diffs, diffsplit {filename} - diffs the current window with the file given
:diffoff - turns off diff selection
CTRL+w s - Split current window horizontally
CTRL+w v - Split current window vertically
CTRL+w c - Close current window
CTRL+w m - Move to window according to motion m
CTRL+w o - Maxmize current window (note: this overwrites your current window configuration)
# EX Mode
:Vex - Open Vertical Split in ex mode with file browser
:Sex - Open Vertical Split in ex mode with file browser
MOVING WINDOWS
CTRL+W r - Swap bottom/top if split horizontally
CTRL+W R - Swap top/bottom if split horizontally
CTRL+w r - Rotates the windows from left to right - only if the windows are split vertically
CTRL+w R - Rotates the windows from right to left - only if the windows are split vertically
CTRL+w H - Move current window the far left and use the full height of the screen
CTRL+w J - Move current window the far bottom and use the full width of the screen
CTRL+w K - Move current window the far top and full width of the screen
CTRL+w L - Move current window the far right and full height of the screen
NAVIGATE BETWEEN WINDOWS
CTRL+w CTRL+w - switch between windows
CTRL+w UP - Move to the top window from current window
CTRL+w DOWN - Move to the bottom window from current window
CTRL+w LEFT - Move to the left window from current window
CTRL+w RIGHT - Move to the right window from current window
RESIZING WINDOWS
#Sometimes windows open up funny or are rendered incorrectly after separating from an external monitor. Or maybe you want to make more room for an important file.
CTRL+w _ - Max out the height of the current split
CTRL+w | - Max out the width of the current split
CTRL+w = - Normalize all split sizes, which is very handy when resizing terminal
CTRL+w > - Incrementally increase the window to the right. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 20 >
CTRL+w < - Incrementally increase the window to the left. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 20 <
CTRL+w - - Incrementally decrease the window's height. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 10 -
CTRL+w + - Incrementally increase the window's height. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 10 +
COMMENT LINES (TCOMMENT PLUGIN)
CTRL+_ CTRL+_ - Comment a line using tcomment
CTRL+V - #{Select the block before commenting a block,
CTRL+_ CTRL+_ - Comment a block of line using tcomment}
MODELINE MAGIC
:set modeline - Enable modeline magic or add this option to your .vimrc
\ml - write the modeline based on your settings to the file
NERDTree Plugin
CTRL-n - Toggle
m - opens the menu
? - help
i - horizontal split
s - vertical split
CTRL-w + <-|-> - (left or right) to navigate
PERMISSION OVERRIDE
:w !sudo tee % - Allows to override the permission of the written file
:w !sudo sh -c "cat > %" - " "