mholt / acmez

Premier ACME client library for Go

acmez - ACME client library for Go

ACMEz ("ack-measy" or "acme-zee", whichever you prefer) is a fully-compliant RFC 8555 (ACME) implementation in pure Go. It is lightweight, has an elegant Go API, and its retry logic is highly robust against external errors. ACMEz is suitable for large-scale enterprise deployments.

NOTE: This module is for getting certificates, not managing certificates. Most users probably want certificate management (keeping certificates renewed) rather than to interface directly with ACME. Developers who want to use certificates in their long-running Go programs should use CertMagic instead; or, if their program is not written in Go, Caddy can be used to manage certificates (even without running an HTTP or TLS server).

This module has two primary packages:

• acmez is a high-level wrapper for getting certificates. It implements the ACME order flow described in RFC 8555 including challenge solving using pluggable solvers.
• acme is a low-level RFC 8555 implementation that provides the fundamental ACME operations, mainly useful if you have advanced or niche requirements.

In other words, the acmez package is porcelain while the acme package is plumbing (to use git's terminology).

Features

• Simple, elegant Go API
• Thoroughly documented with spec citations
• Robust to external errors
• Structured error values ("problems" as defined in RFC 7807)
• Smart retries (resilient against network and server hiccups)
• Challenge plasticity (randomized challenges, and will retry others if one fails)
• Context cancellation (suitable for high-frequency config changes or reloads)
• Highly flexible and customizable
• External Account Binding (EAB) support
• Tested with multiple ACME CAs (more than just Let's Encrypt)
• Supports niche aspects of RFC 8555 (such as alt cert chains and account key rollover)
• Efficient solving of large SAN lists (e.g. for slow DNS record propagation)
• Utility functions for solving challenges
  • Device attestation challenges
  • RFC 8737 (tls-alpn-01 challenge)

Examples

See the examples folder for tutorials on how to use either package. Most users should follow the porcelain guide to get started.

Challenge solvers

The acmez package is "bring-your-own-solver." It provides helper utilities for http-01, dns-01, and tls-alpn-01 challenges, but does not actually solve them for you. You must write or use an implementation of acmez.Solver in order to get certificates. How this is done depends on your environment/situation.

However, you can find a general-purpose dns-01 solver in CertMagic, which uses libdns packages to integrate with numerous DNS providers. You can use it like this:

// minimal example using Cloudflare
solver := &certmagic.DNS01Solver{
	DNSProvider: &cloudflare.Provider{APIToken: "topsecret"},
}
client := acmez.Client{
	ChallengeSolvers: map[string]acmez.Solver{
		acme.ChallengeTypeDNS01: solver,
	},
	// ...
}

If you're implementing a tls-alpn-01 solver, the acmez package can help. It has the constant ACMETLS1Protocol which you can use to identify challenge handshakes by inspecting the ClientHello's ALPN extension. Simply complete the handshake using a certificate from the acmez.TLSALPN01ChallengeCert() function to solve the challenge.

History

In 2014, the ISRG was finishing the development of its automated CA infrastructure: the first of its kind to become publicly-trusted, under the name Let's Encrypt, which used a young protocol called ACME to automate domain validation and certificate issuance.

Meanwhile, a project called Caddy was being developed which would be the first and only web server to use HTTPS automatically and by default. To make that possible, another project called lego was commissioned by the Caddy project to become of the first-ever ACME client libraries, and the first client written in Go. It was made by Sebastian Erhart (xenolf), and on day 1 of Let's Encrypt's public beta, Caddy used lego to obtain its first certificate automatically at startup, making Caddy and lego the first-ever integrated ACME client.

Since then, Caddy has seen use in production longer than any other ACME client integration, and is well-known for being one of the most robust and reliable HTTPS implementations available today.

A few years later, Caddy's novel auto-HTTPS logic was extracted into a library called CertMagic to be usable by any Go program. Caddy would continue to use CertMagic, which implemented the certificate automation and management logic on top of the low-level certificate obtain logic that lego provided.

Soon thereafter, the lego project shifted maintainership and the goals and vision of the project diverged from those of Caddy's use case of managing tens of thousands of certificates per instance. Eventually, the original Caddy author announced work on a new ACME client library in Go that satisfied Caddy's harsh requirements for large-scale enterprise deployments, lean builds, and simple API. This work exceeded expectations and finally came to fruition in 2020 as ACMEz. It is much more lightweight with zero core dependencies, has a simple and elegant code base, and is thoroughly documented and easy to build upon.

Note

This is not an official repository of the Caddy Web Server organization.

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(c) 2020 Matthew Holt