Syntax based normalization of URI's This normalizes URI's based on the specification RFC 3986 http://www.apps.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.html Example usage: <code> require_once 'URLNormalizer.php'; $url = 'eXAMPLE://a/./b/../b/%63/%7bfoo%7d'; $un = new URLNormalizer(); $un->setUrl( $url ); echo $un->normalize(); // result: "example://a/b/c/%7Bfoo%7D" </code> The normalization process preserves semantics so, for example, the following URL's are all equivalent: HTTP://www.Example.com/ and http://www.example.com/ http://www.example.com/a%c2%b1b and http://www.example.com/a%C2%B1b http://www.example.com/%7Eusername/ and http://www.example.com/~username/ http://www.example.com and http://www.example.com/ http://www.example.com:80/bar.html and http://www.example.com/bar.html http://www.example.com/../a/b/../c/./d.html and http://www.example.com/a/c/d.html The following normalizations are performed: 1. Converting the scheme and host to lower case 2. Capitalizing letters in escape sequences 3. Decoding percent-encoded octets of unreserved characters 4. Adding trailing / 5. Removing the default port 6. Removing dot-segments For more information about these normalizations, please see the following Wikipedia article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_normalization#Normalizations_that_Preserve_Semantics TODO: Add further scheme-based normalization steps, as detailed in section 6.2.3 of the RFC.